MIRPHREE'S VALLEY ; STRUCTURE. 37 



Clinton come together at the foot of East Red Mountain ; 

 the Chert dipping steeply to the north-west, the Clinton 

 steeply to the south-east. A fault here has engulfed the 

 Trenton formation. Half a mile east of this point the Clin- 

 ton is found near the top of the mountain, standing nearly 

 vertical and trending nearly east and west ; while a little to 

 the south of it the Lagrange Sandstone makes the very top 

 of the mountain, with a moderate south-east dip. One mile 

 or less north from this latter point the Lagrange Sandstone 

 is found at the edge of the valley in a massive vertical ledge, 

 with lower Silurian Chert (Dolomite) lapped up on its north- 

 west side. 'These things show that the uplift has been very 

 irregular in this region ; that it is traversed by faults running 

 in diiferent directions, which have broken the continuity of 

 uplift and the sequence of strata. Their presence is always 

 indicated by one or other of these results, and to their effects 

 all such seeming anomalies of structure must be attributed. 

 Another feature that has already been referred to is the 

 almost entire absence of the Carboniferous or mountain 

 limestone on the south-east side of this valley. At only two 

 points, in low gaps, have any of it been seen, while the un- 

 derlying Lagrange Sandstone is generally very prominent. 



Comparison of the ends of the valley with the central part. 

 Near the upper end of the valley its south-east edge is Coal 

 Measures, dipping steeply to the south-east. A narrow gorge 

 separates this rim from a high ridge of Sub Carboniferous 

 chert dipping 60 to 80 to the northwest. In its diverse 

 dips and displacements this part resembles the Village 

 Springs section, only newer formations are on top. 



That there was less pressure on the reversed portion of the 

 fold here, or at least less yielding to this pressure, than in 

 the middle -portion of the valley, is evident from the iact 

 that the reversed strata were here left standing at a much 

 higher angle than there. It will be understood that to co?n- 

 pletely reverse strata their fractured ends have to be forced 

 through an arc of 180. These partially reversed strata have 

 described an arc of 100 to 120. lacking 60 to 80 of com- 



