68 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ALABAMA. 



It is regularly laid out, about a mile long and a quarter of 

 a mile wide; and though not compactly built up, houses 

 about 250 operatives and some 1,200 inhabitants. 



It is a place continually busy with the noise and throb of 

 industry, and daily sends out from 50 to 60 car loads of lime 

 rock and iron ore. 



We have now reached the lower end ol'Murphree's Valley, 

 at its junction with Jones' (Opossum) Valley.. A change in 

 the direction, or strike of the Red Mountaiu takes place here. 

 It now for several miles trends S. S. W. A change also 

 occurs in the structure of its rocks, and their arrangement, 

 and the position of its included iron ores. These changes 

 probably begin above the Jefferson county line, and without 

 a notice of them, this part of the report would not be com- 

 plete. 



The Trenton rocks do not come to the surface for several 

 miles. The Clinton makes the mountain. It is therefore 

 not so high as formerly, and shows Clinton strata alone on 

 the S. E. side. The rocks become thin and rather shaly. 

 The trend of the mountain brings it closer and closer to the 

 great Murphree's Valley iault, and at Turkey creek they 

 co-incide. The Clinton strata are here thrown vertical, and 

 afford the first opportunity to see the structure since crossing 

 Village creek. The effect of this fault has been to break up 

 the Clinton into knobs and short ridges, with diversity of 

 trend. In several of these for two miles N. N. E. of Turkey 

 creek, good shows of iron ore have been exposed, but these 

 were not sufficient to show the whole structure. At Turkey 

 creek, however, on the Eastern side of S. 30, T. 15, R. 1, W., 

 is as fine a natural section of the Clinton as could be desired. 



The vertical uplift caused by the fault has here raised the 

 Clinton in a low vertical, crescent shaped ridge. The curve 

 is S. E. and South, and is cut by the creek at its most south- 

 erly point. A mill has been erected here by J. P. Black- 

 burn, and the. mill race was out entirely through the vertical 

 Clinton strata. All parts of it are therefore exposed, from 

 near the Black Shale (which was not seen) to the top of the 

 Trenton, which now makes its appearance in the creek 



