T H t GLACIAL LAKES 



that of any of the other glacial lakes, so that the position of 

 the ice front is known from Lake Michigan near Muskegon, 

 Michigan, to the Genesee valley in western New York. Parts 

 of the moraine which the ice built along its front were laid 

 in the deep water of lakes Saginaw and Whittlesey. These 

 sections were washed over and are not so pronounced a feature 

 of the landscape as the high morainic jumble of hills made 

 elsewhere by the ice in this, its most powerful advance and 

 longest stand in the area of the Great Lakes. 



Although the advancing ice closed the broad strait tiiat had 

 made Lake Saginaw a part of Lake Arkona, and separated these 

 lakes, an outlet for Lake Whittlesey was developed past the 

 site of Ubly in Huron County, Michigan, which carried the 

 waters of Lake Whittlesey into the lower Lake Saginaw and 

 thence to Grand River, Lake Chicago and the Mississippi. 



Lake Wayne 



Again the ice retreated, and in the climax of this retreat 

 the waters fell abruptly eighty to eighty-five feet and col- 

 lected in a lake known as Wayne, causing the reunion of Lake 

 Saginaw with the larger lake to the east. The boundaries of 

 Lake Wayne have not been continuously traced, but it is so 

 named because of the strength of the beaches at this elevation 

 near W^ayne, Michigan. Inasmuch as an outlet lower than the 

 Grand River outlet has been found near Syracuse, New York, 

 it is probable that for the first time the glacial lakes had an 

 eastern outlet to the Hudson River valley. This outlet shows 

 that the waters fell over cliffs in the hills south of Syracuse, 

 making falls as high as Niagara. It is also possible that the 

 outlet may have been to the north, past the ice front to the 

 region of Little Traverse Bay in Michigan, and thence to 

 Lake Chicago; but evidence supporting this theory is not as 

 conclusive as that for an eastern outlet. Also, Lake Saginaw 

 may have had a northern outlet and Lake Wayne an eastern 

 outlet. (This is just one of tlie many interesting perplexities 



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