THE NIPISSING GREAT LAKES 



photo by Michigan Drparlmrnl of Conirridtion 



PLATE 10.— STACKS AND SEA CAVES 



STACKS ON NIIMSSING SHORES; CAVES ON MODERN SHORES OF LAKE 

 SUPERIOR; CLIFFS OF CAMBRIAN LAKE SUPERIOR SANDSTONE. 



distance back of it, and in some places — as on the rampart- 

 bastioned shore east of Marquette — being directly above the 

 present shore. Nipissing beaches are somewhat more sandy 

 than the Algonquin and in places — as at Grand Marais on the 

 Superior shore — are buried under great dunes. 



Where rock clitfs formed tiie shore tiie powerful Nipissing 

 waves carved caves and grottos, cut pinnacles — called stacks — 

 from the mainland, and carved deep bays or fjords in the 

 islands — particularly in Isle Royale which became an island 

 when the waters of the lakes were drawn down to the Nipis- 

 sing level. Pulpit Rock and Scotts Cave, of Mackinac Island, 

 and the isolated pinnacles of rock near St. Tgnace, are relics oi 

 the Nipissing shore. Sea caves and stacks around Lake Supe- 



73 



