the final manuscript and she and her staff, with great 

 patience, also typed the rough draft and its numerous 

 revisions . 



A special thanks and acknowledgement goes to our pilots, 

 not only for their superb flying skills, but for their 

 knowledge of wildlife and their enthusiasm for the project, 

 all of which added immeasurably to our accomplishments. These 

 included: helicopter and SuperCub pilot Larry Schweitzer, 

 Larry's Flying Service, Denton; helicopter pilots Murray and 

 Mark Duffy, Central Helicopters, Bozeman; and SuperCub pilot 

 Don Newton, Newton Aviation, Lewis town. 



We also thank the Roy area landowners and community 

 members for their interest, assistance, friendship, and 

 cooperation through the years. Special thanks go to 

 landowners in the East Indian Butte Grazing District, Perry 

 and Marge Kalal of Kalal ' s Cafe and Service Station (the site 

 of our field station) , and Larry and Sue Kalina, who allowed 

 us to use their field as a landing strip. 



We thank Martha A. Lonner, MediaWorks, for the figure 

 graphics in this report and Diana Haker for the cover graphic. 



Throughout, the study was supported by the Montana 

 Department of Fish and Game/Fish, Wildlife, and Parks under 

 Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Projects W-98-R (1960-65), 

 W-74-R(1966-68) , and W-120-R and W-130-R (1969-89). 

 Additional support was provided by the U.S.D.I., Fish and 

 Wildlife Service, Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge. 

 This included both direct and indirect contributions to aerial 

 surveys, use of office and field facilities, and field 

 assistance as needed. For this, we are especially grateful to 

 former Refuge Managers Larry Calvert and Ralph Fries as well 

 as many members of the Refuge staff who assisted. Staff of 

 the U.S. D.I. Bureau of Land Management Lewistown District 

 Office also cooperated and provided periodic assistance in 

 deer trapping and other field activities. The cooperation and 

 assistance of Lewistown District Biologist Larry Eichhorn was 

 especially helpful and appreciated. Other support was 

 provided by Montana State University, and by the Montana 

 Agricultural Experiment Station, Montana State University. 



Again, we wish to thank one and all who have helped us 

 through the years, including some whose names may have 

 inadvertently not been mentioned. 



Ken Hamlin and Dick Mackie 



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