248 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [June, 1914. 



In his " Coins of Ancient India 55 Sir Alexander Cunning- 

 ham has dwelt on the tribal coins of the Audumbaras at 

 length. 1 In his account he has described only one coin which 

 bears some resemblance to the variety which is being described 

 in this paper. But even in this case the specimen was in such 

 poor condition that the author was obliged to publish a 

 drawing instead of a photograph a from a cast. The following 

 are the points of resemblance between the type published by 

 Cunningham and that under discussion : 



(1) On the obverse, we have in each case (a) a sacred 

 tree inside a railing, (6 ) an elephant walking towards it, and (c) 

 below these two a snake. The only points of difference are 

 the position of the KharosthI legend Odumbarisa which is 

 placed under the snake in Cunningham's coins, but which is 

 to be found to the right of the elephant in the new variety, 

 and the figure of the elephant. In Cunningham's drawing the 

 entire body of the elephant is to be found, but in the new 

 variety, the head, trunk and the fore-legs only are to be found. 

 The entire body must have been absent even in the die as the 

 word Odumbarisa in KharosthI is to be found to the right of 

 the elephant's forepart. 



(2) On the reverse we have in each case a temple. The 

 one in the new variety appears to be a three-storeyed one, and 

 slightly different in shape from that in Cunningham's coin. 

 To the right of this we find a trident (trisula). It differs from 

 Cunningham's drawing in two respects; (a) we find a shaft 

 surmounted by a wheel instead of the trisula, and (6) we find a 

 svastika on a pillar to the left of the temple. 



One hundred and three coins out of this find of three 

 hundred and sixty-three bear names of three of the rulers of 

 the tribe, viz. Dharaghosa, Sivaddsa and Rudraddsa. Out of 

 these three the coins of l>haraghosa have been described before , d 

 but the other two names are new to Numismatists. Cunning- 

 ham has included coins of Rudravarman, Ajamitra, Mahimitra, 

 Bhnnunritra, Vlrayasas and Vrsni among the coins of the 

 Audumbaras, but none of these seem to have had any connec- 

 tion with that tribe. The coins of Dharaghosa described 

 by Cunningham expressly mention the name Odumbara along 

 with that of the King. So on the coins of Dharaghosa, 

 S'ivadasa and Rudradasa, belonging to this find, we invariably 

 find that the name of the tribe is associated in the legend with 

 that of the King. Consequently the attribution of coins 

 which do not bear the name of the tribe to the Audumbaras, 

 must be very doubtful. All of these coins bear legend both 

 in Biahmi and KharosthI and the complete legends run as 

 follows : 



India, p. 66. * Coins of Ancient India, pi. I v » *• 



B Ibid.,?. 67. 



