322 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [Sept., 1911 



his son Ajatasatru, called Kunika or Kuniya by the Jainas, 

 became governor of Ahga, where he plundered the people to 

 such an extent that they were obliged to complain to the king. 1 

 According to the Jaina authorities Kunika made Campa, his 

 capital after the death of his father, and after his death his 

 son Udayin transferred the seat of government from Campa to 

 Patahputra. 2 The Buddhist works, however, do not mention 

 that Ajatasatru removed the capital from Rajagrha to Campa : 

 on the other hand, it appears that he reigned all along in 

 Rajagrha. 3 It is possible that he might have resided at Campa 

 at different times, for we find that he persecuted his brothers 

 Hala and Bihala, who fled from Campa and took refuge in the 

 court of their maternal grandfather Cetaka at Vaisalf, the 

 capital of Videha (Tirhut). On Cetaka's' refusal to surrender 

 them, Ajatasatru led an army against him from Campa and 

 killed him in battle. Thus he annexed Videha to his domi- 

 nion. His two brothers escaped and took refuge into the 

 holy order of Mahavira.* Udayin, who according to the Bud- 

 dhist and Jaina works was the son of Ajatasatru and according to 

 the Puranas his grandson, like his predecessors became governor 

 ot Anga, 5 and after Ajatasatru 's death removed to Pataliputra 

 (Patna) which henceforth became the capital of Magadha. 



The influence of Mahavira after he attained the Kevali- 

 ship extended over Videha, Magadha and Ahga, as the rulers 

 ot these kingdoms were his relations. Cetaka, king of 

 Vaisah, was his maternal uncle; Bimbisara, king of Magadha, 

 was Cetaka s son-in law, having married his daughter Cellana 

 called also Videha-devi, and Ajatasatru, ruler of Ahga, was 

 the son of the latter." Bimbisara became a convert to the 

 teachings of Mahavira, and Ajatasatru also befriended the 

 iNigrantnis as the followers of Mahavira were called, Mahavira 

 being known to the Buddhists as Nigantha Nataputta, because 

 he belonged to the family of Jnata or Nata of Kundapura. 

 ivianavira spent three pajjusanas (or rainy season retirement) 

 in Campa the capital of Anga, and its suburbs (Prstha- 

 campa) and two pajjusanas in Bhadrika (Bhaddiya) in Ahga. 7 

 tfuddha also visited these two principal towns * and converted 

 the people to Buddhism. Buddha went to Anga from Sravastl 

 at the instance of Subhadda, a daughter of the celebrated 



ift?, r 'p B 24! ler : Hemachandr a's Sthaviravali, vi ; Rockhill'a Life of 



Buddha 



wrmasutrapatha 



- vamanna-phala Sutta ; Mahaparinibbana 



I R t°. : i^ SUtm8 ' Infr °- PP- Xii-Xiv 



J Buh er : Sthaviravali, vi. ™ 



7 Si? k' : { n ^' an Sect °f the J™nas, p. 27. 



8 i^n 1 1 J ? ma Satras > P- 2 64. 



Jainism 



Mvg., v ~8 "vT^^lrfr ^^ S , Utta ; Ml '9- ix " K 2 > for Bhaddiya see 

 y >v,z, vi, 34, Kern : Manual of Indian Buddhism, v. 29. 



