

Vol. X, No. 9.] Notes on Ancient Anga. 3:J1 



[N.8.] 



like exploits of the king. As a matter of fact Anga had no 

 independent king, but it was then under the sway of Gopala II 

 or Vigrnha Pala II of the Pala dynasty of Magadha. 



In the first half of the 11th century Rajendra Chola Deva I 

 (1011-1059) invaded Banga and Magadha and overran the 

 neighbouring countries. 1 A dark period followed this expedi- 

 tion. Disorder and misrule prevailed during the nominal 

 rules of the later Pala kings and before the rise of the Sena- 

 dynasty of Bengal. The Varmman kings wrested and ruled 

 over a portion of Bengal, and it appears from tradition record- 

 ed by Dr. Buchanan that a colony of the Colas lived in the 

 district of Bhagalpur and built the temples in Baidyanath and 

 the neighbouring places, though the expedition is wrongh 



ascribed to one Aditya Sena, king of Cola.' 2, 



It appears from the Balagamve inscription/' which is con- 

 firmed by the Vikramankadeva-charita, 4 that Tribhuvana 

 Malla, afterwards Vikramaditya II of the Calukya dynasty, 

 subdued Anga, Banga, Kalinga, .Magadha and other countries 

 during the reign of his father Ahavamalla or Somesvara 

 (1040-1069), who founded the city of Kalyana and made it his 

 capital ; and it seems that lie was satisfied with the tributes 

 he obtained from the conquered princes. Karnadeva (1042- 

 1093) of the Kalachuri dynasty of Cedi also attacked Gauda, 

 Banga, Kalinga and other countries. 



These frequent invasions considerably weakened the 

 powers of the kings of Magadha. But the conquest of the 

 eastern provinces of the kingdom including Gauda in the 

 second half of the 11th century by Vijaya Sena, the founder 

 of the Sena dynasty, gave a new turn to the history of Anga. 

 It seems that Anga was conquered either by him or his son 

 Ballala Sena and annexed to the kingdom of Gauda. Though 

 we do not find definite statement to that effect, yet the fre- 

 quent invasions of Udantapura (the modern town of Bihar) 

 by Ballala Sena and his repeated repulses, 6 indicates that 

 Anga had already become a part of the kingdom of Gauda, 

 otherwise he would not have dared to invade Kikata 



5 



1 Ep. Ind., ix, p. 232. 



* Martin: East. Ind., ii, 23. 



8 Balagamve Stone Inscription dated a. d. 107 (Lewis Rice: Mysore 



Inscriptions, p. 45). 



* Ch. iii. 



* Karanbel and Bheraghat inscriptions. 



6 Ananda Bhatta: Ballala-charitam , pt. ii, ch. 2, vs. 1,2: 



