336 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [Sept., 1914. 



honour of Behula. The Ganges flowed by the side of the town, 

 but within the course of the last fifty years it has receded about 

 a mile to the north. Of all the places that claim the honour 

 of being the residence of Cand Sadagar, as Campanagarl on the 

 Damuda in the district of Burdwan and Candnia or Candmaya 

 in the district of Bogra, about four miles to the north of 

 Mahasthanagarh, Campanagarl in the district of Burdwan 

 has the most preferential claim, inasmuch as it is situated near 

 the Damuda on which the story and the tradition place the 

 Campanagar of Cand Sadagar. 



The Ubbai Sutta, a Jaina work, professes to give a des- 

 cription of the town of Campa at the time of Kunie or Ajata- 

 satru, who is mentioned there as its " king." l It was then 

 thickly populated and was in a flourishing condition : it should 

 be borne in mind that it had recently been conquered by 

 Bimbisara. It was then quite a picturesque town with its 

 sringataka (junction of four roads), caukka (squares), cacchara 

 (courtyards), caumuka (platforms for seats), ceyiya (temples), 

 tanks and avenues of trees on the road-sides. Its prosperity 

 did not diminish by the lapse of time : even at the time of the 

 Pala kings it was in a flourishing condition. From the 

 Campaka-sresthl-katha,' 2 another Jaina work, which enumerates 

 the castes and trades of the town, we can glean the nature of 

 the principal professions and industries which were carried on 

 and make some inference as to the condition of the people. 

 There were perfumers, spice-sellers, betel-sellers, sugarcandy- 

 sellers, jewellers, leather- tanners, garland- makers, carpenters, 

 goldsmiths, weavers, etc. 



Campa was the birthplace of many celebrated authors 

 who flourished during the Buddhist period and before it. 

 Patakapya Muni, the author of the Hasty ayur v eda , a treatise 

 oil the disease of elephants, flourished at the time of Roma- 

 pada, king of Campa, » and he has been referred to as " Sutra- 

 kara" J>y Kalidasa*; Sonakilvisa, the author of one of the 

 Theragathas, who was a contemporary of Buddha, was a resi- 

 dent of Campa 5 ; " Biraja " Jina, the author of the Lankava- 

 tara Sutra, was also born at this place 6 ; Sayambhava, the 



1 H *wre wit* $f<u*- *uT«TT*?r ^n;**^, P- 6 



ka. 



r v See Catal °f San8 - Manuscripts by M. M. Haraprasad Sastri. 

 « .I.K., 1892; Notices of Sans. Manuscript*, vol. iii. p. 176, by Dr. R. L. 



A ? I 1 L T0L . 



« Xakula s A acikitsitam, ch. 2. 

 njr * R<*9liuvam4a 9 vi, v. 26— Commentary bv Mallinatha ; Refutation of 

 I'm Th€0ry by M " M ' Hara P ra ^d Sastri in J.A.S.B., 1910, 



J Mrg v, 1— see Dr. Rhys David's Note, p. 1. 

 wo d " R- Lan ^ avathra Slitra > ch. 10. It is difficult to say whether the 



sinless. 



an 



