young remain on the streams until August or early September. This chronology is influenced by 

 elevation and the timing of spring runoff and may vary up to several weeks between years. 

 ■■ - The U.S. Forest Service, Region 1, lists the Harlequin Duck as Sensitive (Reel at al. 

 1989). The species is listed as a Species of Special Concern by the Montana (Montana Natural 

 Heritage Program 1994) and Idaho (Idaho Conservation Data Center 1994) Nattxral Heritage 

 Programs. The eastern North American population is listed as endangered in Canada (Goudie 

 1993); both eastern and western populations are listed under Category 2 as a candidate for listing 

 under the Endangered Species Act by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (U.S. Department of 

 Interior 1991). j' - ■// ,, r v'^ ; - ,:•-. ?f^r .: 



' The Montana Natural Heritage Program began surveying Harlequin Ducks in 1988. The 



survey data gave rise to questions involving site fidelity, productivity and mortality. Individual 

 marking of birds began to a limited extent in 1991 and through 1993 a total of 159 Harlequins 

 (13 adult males, 14 adult females, 41 juveniles) were marked on 7 streams. During that time we 

 observed 20 previously marked adults returning to Montana streams. Six movements detected in 

 1 993 were of interest. A male marked on McDonald Creek, Glacier National Park, on 6 May 

 1993, was captured on Hornby Island, along the southeast coast of Vancouver Island, British 

 Columbia on 5 August 1993. This was the first record of a bird marked in Montana being 

 relocated on the coast. On 14-15 March 1994 three Harlequins were observed on Hornby Island, 

 all marked as juveniles in 1992 and 1993 on McDonald Creek. Local movements of birds, 

 heretofore undocumented, include two marked females foimd on different streams in 1993 than 

 where they were originally marked in 1992. Stream mouths were separated by 6 and 17 km 

 respectively, across a reservoir and lake (Ashley 1994a, Reichel and Genter 1994). 



