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Of those nine chemicals, two CNitric Acid and Phosphoric Acid) are not discharged to the 

 environment unless an unanticipated spill or release occurs Nitric Acid has been 

 successfully eliminated from pulp mill operations since 1989 Phosphoric acid, a 

 feedstock for the secondary aerobic treatment system, was released to the environment in 

 one reporting year over the last six years due to an unanticipated spill or release 



Chlorine is released to the environment in air emissions This chemical's release ordinarily 

 results from production activity in the Bleach Plant of the Pulp Mill facility unless an 

 unanticipated spill or release provides alternative avenues to the environment 



Chloroform release amounts continue to decrease This reduction in reported chloroform 

 levels is based on recently available emission measurements taken at the mill Originally, 

 KPC used estimated values presented in the NCASI publications which include Kraft pulp 

 mills as well as sulfite pulp mills Ketchikan Pulp Company Company's sulfite pulp mill 

 produces significantly less chloroform than a Kraft mill With actual measured data 

 available, Ketchikan Pulp Company has reported significant reductions in releases of this 

 material. This material is expected to continue its decreasing trend with conversion to the 

 Elemental Chlorine Free bleaching process in 1997 



Ketchikan Pulp Company has accomplished a dramatic reduction of hydrochloric acid 

 releases. An average two million pounds of hydrochloric acid was calculated as released 

 in the wastewater effluent each year from 1989 to 1992 In late 1993, with the addition of 

 an Effluent Neutralization System (ENS), KPC successfijily reduced hydrochloric acid 

 discharges to less than 1,000 pounds a year. Technical documents suggest hydrochloric 

 acid may be released in the effluent as a fijnction of pH (Hydrochloric acid concentration 

 is inversely proportional to the pH of the effluent ) 



Release of sulfuric acid to the environment is another by-product emission from the 

 powerhouse and is directly related to the sulfijr content of the fuel burned Technical 

 documents suggest sulfijric acid aerosol is inadvertently produced as an impurity in oil 

 combustion in boilers The reported release values for sulfuric acid continue to decrease 

 from the eariy 1990's to present through the use of low sulfijr fuels 



Releases of ammonia to the environment show a significant decrease over the last few 

 years. This reduction in ammonia emissions is based on recently available emission 

 measurement data. Originally, KPC used the values presented in the NCASI publications 

 which allow for the reporting of either un-ionized or total ammonia In prior years total 

 ammonia has been reported. For 1994, Ketchikan Pulp Company reported un-ionized 

 ammonia. The combined outfalls and better effluent pH control with the Effluent 

 Neutralization System have provided assurances of consistent and acceptable pH ranges 

 over the course of the year. The pH of the effluent directly impacts ammonia release 



Reported methanol releases over past years show a slight increase in fijgitive releases and 

 a slight decrease in air releases. This is a result of improved mill-specific data. Water 

 releases show a significant decrease in methanol This is a result of better pH control of 

 the combined outfalls by way of the Effluent Neutralization System 



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