EUCALYPTUS CALOPHYLLA. 



R. Brown in the journal of the Royal Geographic Society i. 19 (1830) ; Lindley, botanic Register xxvtt., app. 157 (1841), 

 Schauer in Lehmann's plants; Preissianae i. 131 (1844) ; F. v. M., fragmenta phytographise Australia ii. 35 et 171 ; 

 Bentham, flora Australiensis iii. 255 ; F. v. M., forest- resources of Western Australia 4-5, pi. 2 ; E. splachnocarpa ; 

 Hooker, botanic magazine t. 4036. 



Finally tall ; leaves scattered, conspicuously stalked, broad- or lanceolar-ovate, acute, almost 

 equilateral, of firm and rather thick texture, dark-green above, much paler and not shining 

 underneath; their veins subtle, closely parallel, very spreading, the circumferential vein almost 

 contiguous to the thickened margin of the leaf ; oil-dots copious, pellucid ; umbels containing 

 usually 46 flowers and forming terminal panicles, or some few axillary and solitary ; stalklets 

 angular, about as long as the umbel-stalks or somewhat shorter ; calyces pearshaped, not angular; 

 lid thin, patellar, not so broad as the tube of the calyx and many times shorter, tearing off some- 

 what irregularly and sometimes remaining adherent ; stamens all fertile, inflexed before expansion ; 

 anthers cuneate- or oblong-oval, opening with parallel longitudinal slits ; stigma hardly broader 

 than the summit of the style ; fruits large, ovate-urnshaped, occasionally somewhat bellshaped, 

 three- or four-celled, not angular ; rim narrow ; valves almost deltoid, deeply enclosed ; fertile 

 seeds very large, black, at the dorsal edge acute, not produced into a membranous appendage ; 

 sterile seeds very much smaller, narrow. 



Interspersed accompanying the Jarrah-Eucalypt through nearly the whole area of that 

 species, but less gregarious, reaching its northern boundary about the Hill-River and its southern 

 at King George's Sound, mixed also into the forests of E. loxophleba, but not into those of 

 E. diversicolor, preferring a richer and deeper soil than E. marginata. A middle-sized or rather 

 tall tree, exceptionally reaching a height of 150 feet, rapid in growth, umbrageous through its 

 ample as well as compact ramifications and spreading foliage. Bark persistent, dark, deeply 

 furrowed as in the Ironbark-trees of East-Australia ; but in its general characters the tree pertains 

 to the eastern Bloodwood-trees. Leaves turning the surface more than the edge to the zenith, a 

 characteristic it shares with those congeners, which have the upper page of the leaves much 

 darker-colored than the lower, while they produce stomata only on the underside. The foliage of 

 plants in the seedling state or of young offshoots from the base of the stem is beset witli short 

 bristly hairs, while the leaves are inserted above their base to the leafstalk, as shown in the back- 

 ground of the lithographic illustration. Stems have occasionally been observed with a maximum 

 diameter of 10 feet towards the base. Margin of leaves slightly recurved ; their punctation very 

 regular. Filaments pale-yellowish, very rarely pink (Muir, Webb), but never crimson as in 

 E. ficifolia. Anthers dorsifixed. Fruit hard, not shining, somewhat uneven or slightly wrinkled 

 outside. Fertile seeds the largest of the genus, often half an inch long, although some may be 

 reduced to half that size, always shining, not rarely somewhat boatshaped, excavated at the hilum. 

 The cotyledonar leaves necessarily correspond in largeness to the seeds ; indeed they are generally 

 of 1-1 inch measurement and of a renate-roundish form (see fig. 16 of the supplemental plate, 

 issued with E. cornuta in the 9th Decade). The xylogram fig. 73A, given by Mr. W. B. Hemsley, 

 as doubtfully illustrating E. calophylla, in the Gardener's Chronicle 1883 p. 465, does really belong 

 to this species, which has occasionally the fruit much widened at the orifice. 



The tree, though in its natural area far extratropical, has succeeded fairly well in some 

 almost equatorial countries ; thus it thrives at Zanzibar, as observed by the meritorious 

 Sir John Kirk, M.D., K.C.M.G., Her Majesty's Consul-General there. For frosty regions this 

 species is not adapted, as even at Melbourne the foliage suffers from night-frosts. E. calophylla 



