EUCALYPTUS VTMINALIS. 



fresh bark contains about 5 per cent, of Kino-tannin, and Kino-sap exudes also spontaneously from 

 the stem and soon indurates. The timber varies from light-colored to dull brick-colored ; that 

 from straight stems is employed for shingles, rails and also as rough building material ; it is not 

 so durable as the wood of many other kinds of Eucalypts, but stronger than that of E. amygdalina 

 and E. obliqua. Mr. Boyle found boards of inch thickness, sawn from the tall-stemmed smooth- 

 barked variety of moist forest^glens, to last twice as long as pine-boards of 1 inch thickness. The 

 stems of this variety are of an almost uniform thickness up to a great height, and mastlike in 

 strai-htness ; when so chosen the wood is pale and compact and does not warp ; it yields not a 

 superior fuel. The lumen of the vascular tubes of the wood exceeds sometimes 0-15 mm., but it 

 occurs also as narrow as 0-03 mm. ; their walls are moderately thickened and rather richly 

 dotted ; the libriform fibres measure about 0-015 mm. across ; the medullary rays occur in one or 

 two rows. Branchlets drooping, hence the specific name. Leaves generally saturated green and 

 somewhat shining on both sides. Flowers sometimes several in an umbel. Stalklets occasionally 

 as long as the calyx-tube. Lid rarely quite blunt. Style rather short. Fruits measuring from 



2| to 5 lines. 



To E. viminalis were referred by Bentham E. granularis (Sieber), of which no description 

 was ever published ; further E. persicifolia, Loddiges's Botanic Cabinet t. 501 ; E. pilularis, 

 De Candolle, prodromus iii. 218 ; E. diversifolia, Bonpland, plantes de Malmaison 35 t. 13, which 

 however represents the young state of E. santalifolia ; and furthermore E. elata, Dehnhart, catalogus 

 plantarum horti Camalclulensis 26, which is referable to E. amygdalina (see Nuovo Giornale 

 Botanico Italiano xii. 46) according to a specimen, obtained from Baron Cesati. 



E. viminalis is closely allied as well to E. rostrata as to E. Stuartiana ; the differences were 

 pointed out already in the text of these two species. E. dealbata (Cunningham in Walpers 

 repert. ii. 924) seems merely an abnormal state of E. viminalis, standing to it in the same position 

 as E. pulvernlenta to E. Stuartiana, as E. Risdoni to E. amygdalina, as E. melanophloia to 

 E. crebra, and to some extent as E. cordata to E. nrnigera. The leaves of young seedlings are 

 narrow-lanceolar, with roundish base, sessile, opposite or exceptionally ternately verticillar (an 

 illustration of these is given on the left-hand side of the plate) ; leaves three in a whorl have been 

 noticed also occasionally on seedling plants of E. goniocalyx ; stomata have been counted 75,000 

 at the upper and 93,000 at the lower page of well-developed leaves on a square-inch. 



In a document, issued some years ago from a public institution of a neighboring colony, 

 single species of Eucalyptus were mentioned as yielding respectively oil, tar, vinegar, spirits, 

 potash and paper-material, leaving thus the impression as if only the species particularly noted 

 should be used for each of the several articles mentioned, this misconception arising from my 

 having made a donation of only solitary samples from a long series of Eucalyptus-educts, 

 emanating from my laboratory. As this document became reproduced in various parts of Europe, 

 I would in the interest of prospective Eucalyptus-industries point out, that all such educts can be 

 obtained from any Eucalyptus, and indeed so far as tar, pitch, empyreumatic oil, wood-alcohol 

 and acetic acid are concerned from any tree of the world by dry distillation, charcoal being also of 

 course obtainable from any kind of tree, and so likewise potash, although the yield of the latter 

 may be very variable in different sorts of trees. In the instance above referred to, E. viminalis 

 was solely mentioned as a yielder of essential oil from the foliage ; and yet long before it was 

 shown by actual experiment, that just this very species is one of the poorest in this respect, 

 therefore not available for remunerative oil-distillation. One ton of the fresh foliage (branchlets 



