CLIMAX MINE. 477 



Climax No. 2 shaft is 138 feet deep, of which the upper 90 feet are in 

 Wash and the rest in the body of vein material, which is here separated into 

 two parts by a sheet of very compact White Porphyry, as shown in Section 

 E. This dividing porphyry, which is only 18 inches thick in the north- 

 western part of the workings, dips to northeast, increasing in thickness 

 as it-goes down, reaching four feet at the Dunkin line, and at Dunkin No. 

 2 shaft merging into the main lower body of White Porphyry. The prin- 

 cipal ore body, which is found directly above this dividing porphyry, has 

 a thickness of about 8 feet, increasing to 1(5 feet along the line of the 

 Dunkin claim. The vein material here consists largely of highly manga- 

 niferous iron, with clay and chert generally at the base. The workings 

 northeast of No. 2 have been carried up to the Wash, which here consists of 

 sand and rounded pebbles, without meeting clay or the influx of water which 

 are almost invariable accompaniments of the Wash. At Climax No. 1 shaft 

 the ore horizon was found directly below 100 feet of Wash, in a single 

 body .'58 feet thick. This shaft was sunk to a depth of 220 feet, reaching 

 some iron vein material in the bottom, which is supposed to be at the top 

 of the Silurian formation, as in Climax No. 6. The lower north-and-south 

 drift from No. 2 shaft, which is mainly run in the White Porphyry below 

 the ore horizon, also cuts White Limestone at its southern end. 



virginius mine. The extreme southern end of the Virginius claim over- 

 laps the northern end of the Climax ground, and along the south line of 

 the former two shafts have been sunk to the ore horizon and connected 

 by drifts and winzes, the workings descending in steps towards the west. 

 The main, or No. 2 shaft, was sunk through 136 feet of Wash, 40 feet of 

 porphyry, and forty to fifty feet of vein material, passing at the bottom 

 into dolomite and sand, which were dipping northwest. The vein material 

 here was impure, containing much manganese, with clayey and sandy streaks. 

 North of the shaft a cave was found near the top of the iron body, ten 

 to fifteen feet in length and four to five feet in height. 



Drifts and stopes connect with the No. 3 shaft, near which a small body 

 of ore was taken out, which ran about forty ounces of silver to the ton. 

 The main body of vein material in this part of the mine carries from two 

 up to ten or fifteen ounces of silver to the ton. The east drift from this 



