30 GEOLOGICAL RECONNOISSANCE 



with a core, and stained red with oxide of iron where these ramify the 

 rock, while the rock itself is of a light grey. These markings have a good 

 deal the appearance of those found in the calciferous sandstone of New 

 York, and noted in the reports of that state under the name of Palaeo- 

 phycus tubularis; but they are too indefinite to enable me to pronounce 

 positively on their identity. They impart to the rock, however, a 

 remarkable vermicular structure; and though they resemble, still probably 

 differ from those impressions of plants in the soft, white, quaternary sand- 

 stone of the same locality. 



One mile below Lane's on section 29, township 15 north, range 3 east, 

 a similar hard standstone shows itself in a hollow. 



Some lead ore has been picked up in the fields in the vicinity of Wal- 

 cott; but so far as I have been able to trace the localities, invariably on 

 the sites of Indian villages, along with other relics of the aborigenes, who, 

 undoubtedly, brought the ore from the northwest part of the state or from 

 Missouri. 



The growth on the genuine black-sand lands of Cache and of the St. 

 Francis river bottoms, is sweet gum, black hickory, walnut, poplar, dog- 

 wood, and occasionally box-elder and hackberry; undergrowth, papaw, 

 spice-wood, and large grape vines. The subsoil, under the black sand, is 

 generally clay, seldom a quicksand. About one-third of the Cache bottom 

 is " post-oak land." 



Four sets of soils were collected for chemical analysis from Abraham 

 Tennison's farm, on Crowley's ridge, one mile from Walcott; No. 1, being 

 the virgin or uncultivated soil; No. 2, the same soil from an old field, 35 

 years in cultivation, almost exclusively in corn; No. 3, subsoil, from the 

 same old field; No. 4, the red under-clay. The growth on this land is 

 sweet-gum, white and black-oak, with an undergrowth of dog- wood. 



Should the chemical analyses of these hereafter be provided for, they 

 will be reported. 



POINSETT COUNTY. 



The narrowest part of the Crowley ridge, is not far from the line between 

 Greene and Poinsett, where it is hardly half a mile across from the St. 

 Francis bottom to the L'Anguille bottom. 



The L'Anguille bottom is mostly a bluish clay, and on the " Crab-apple 

 barrens" a white clay. The prevalent timber in L'Anguille bottom, is 

 red and white-oak, small scattering sweet-gum and post-oak on the " post- 

 oak land," which, however, is not cultivated at present. The growth on 

 the adjacent ridges is white and black-oak, poplar, and, occasionally, some 

 pine; on the branches, poplar, gum, ash, elm, and dog-wood. 



