OF ARKANSAS. 5J 



and temperature, and capable of supplying a considerable amount of 

 machinery. 



The high Pine ridge, capped with subcarboniferous chert, resting on 

 the sandstone previously mentioned, extends for four miles between the 

 heads of Sugar-loaf creek and those of George's creek; the pine being 

 co-extensive with the area occupied by these higher siliceous rocks. 



The white encrinital and marble rock of this region, may be very con- 

 veniently quarried in a hill just beyond this pine ridge, near Wood's mill, 

 where it outcrops towards the top of the hill, with a gentle slope, which 

 affords an opportunity of quarrying it with but little stripping. Also in 

 aome of the ridges, near the Hudson farm and the "New York Location," 

 on the waters of Sugar-loaf creek. 



The strata composing the lower part ol the hills between Yellville and 

 Wood's mill, are chieiiy marly, earthy and hydraulic-looking calcareous 

 rocks, very retentive of water, which flows out along the surface of the 

 plane of dip in numerous springs. The country has a glady aspect, and 

 the roads are soft and miry, except where they run on the bare rock. 



These strata have much the character of marly, shaly limestones 

 described as intervening between the subcarboniferous rocks and the 

 strata of silurian date in south-western Missouri, and may be of the same 

 age, but, as yet, we have no positive evidence of equivalency, in the 

 absence of the necessary palaeontological evidence. The fossil nautili 

 which have been found in chert near Alickersham's mill, about 2 miles S. 

 W. of Yellville, indicate rocks of the. subcarboniferous era, proving the 

 south- westerly inclination of the strata, which may account for rocks of 

 devonian (?) and subcarboniferous age being found here low in the hills, 

 while they occupy high situations in the north and north-eastern part of 

 Marion county. 



Lee's mountain was found to be, by measurement with the aneroid 

 barometer, 350 feet above our camp, near John Osburn's farms, on Jen- 

 ning's creek.* 



The ascent of this mountain from Fallen Timber creek, on the east, is 

 very steep. Towards the summit level of the road, there are alternations 

 of sandstone amongst the limestone, and higher up, near the summit of 

 the ridge to the south, the marble rock is in place. The sandstone below 

 this rock must be much thicker here than in the ridges along Sugar-loaf 

 creek, and the rocks elevated some fifty feet higher above the drainage of 

 the country than on Sugar-loaf creek. 



The " Molton Diggings," 1 on Jennings' creek, are a mile and a half above 



*This observation was taken on the 4th of December, at noon, iu the midsjt of a heavy shower of 

 rain, and, therefore, mav be liable to some corrcetion hereafter. 



