Table of Contents 



EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i 



CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT 1 



Taxonomy . 1 



Management status 1 



Range and distribution 1 



Population size and trend 7 



Population size 7 



Trend 8 



Life history and habitat use 9 



Wintering and nonbreeding ecology 9 



Migration 9 



Breeding ecology 9 



Breeding habitat 10 



Productivity 11 



Return rates 11 



Conservation genetics 11 



Summary of threats 12 



CONSERVATION STRATEGY 15 



Introduction 15 



Standards and guidelines 15 



Timber management 15 



Roads management 16 



Fire/fuels management 17 



Grazing management 17 



Water management 17 



Minerals management 18 



Recreation management 19 



Information and education 20 



Inventory 20 



Monitoring and adaptive mangement 20 



Research needs 21 



Literature cited 23 



Appendix A Identification of Idaho breeding habitat and potential breeding habitat 27 



Appendix B Identification of Montana breeding habitat and potential breeding habitat. . . 32 



Appendix C Identification of Wyoming breeding habitat and potential breeding habitat. . 39 



Appendix D Pair numbers on Rocky Mountain harlequin duck breeding streams 43 



Appendix E Harlequin duck inventory and monitoring protocol 46 



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