harlequin duck breeding season. The breeding season is 15 April - 5 September in the 

 Northern Columbia Basin and 1 May - 20 September in the Intermountain. 



TM-2. Maintain overstory and understory cover within 2 sight distances or 100m from the greenline 

 vegetation. 



TM-3. Maintain riparian vegetative structure and function, and snags, and woody debris along the 

 stream within 2 site-potential tree lengths from the stream. 



TM-4. Manage timber harvest and road construction in uplands to maintain the natural stream flow 

 regime. Avoid increasing peak flows during snowmelt and rain events, reducing summer 

 flows and increasing bedload movement. 



TM-5 Avoid increasing sediment delivery to streams during the breeding season in order to maintain 

 substrate condition and turbidity levels necessary for maintaining the harlequin duck benthic 

 invertebrate food supply and suitable feeding conditions. 



Roads management 



Road management guidelines are intended to avoid disturbance of breeding birds, reduce human access 

 to breeding streams, maintain security cover and nesting habitat, and prevent increases in sedimentation 

 which could impact the harlequin duck food supply (aquatic insects) and foraging ability. In addition, 

 road management guidelines are intended to avoid increasing spring and summer stream flows which 

 can reduce harlequin duck productivity by washing away nests and/or ducklings. 



RM- 1 . For planned roads : 



a. Avoid placing new roads up drainage bottoms, concentrate road systems on mid-slopes or 

 ridges. 



b. Locate roads in areas not visible from the stream, at least 2 sight distances away from the 

 stream and where stream access is not increased. 



c. Restrict frequency of stream crossings and where feasible bridge streams instead of using 

 culverts. Avoid crossing streams at stream junctions because these areas are often frequently 

 used by harlequin ducks.. 



d. Conduct stream crossing construction activities outside the harlequin duck breeding season. 

 RM-2. For existing roads: 



a. Do not construct new pullouts or parking areas within 2 sight distances or 100m of the 

 greenline vegetation, or where stream accessiblity would be increased. 



b. Move roads away from the stream where feasible when reconstructing or upgrading 

 existing roads. 



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