SELECTION OF SITE 5 



days, while at New Lisbon only one hundred twenty-three days 

 are available, a difference of twenty-five days, which may mean 

 much to the apple-grower. 



The deduction from these figures, as well as a study of the con- 

 ditions at these two places, will show clearly that the difference 

 is due entirely to the influence of the body of water upon the 

 adjacent land and the orchards. 



Winter temperature. Although the minimum winter tempera- 

 ture which a given variety of apples can withstand cannot be posi- 

 tively stated, owing to the fact that it depends not only upon the 

 degree of cold but also upon many other factors, such as (i) the 

 condition of the tree as to maturity, (2) the question of moisture, 

 and (3) the daily range of temperature, that is, the rapidity and 

 amount of the rise and fall, it is possible to give a general idea 

 of the lowest temperature average trees will endure. 



In Minnesota and other states of the northwest this is one of 

 the great problems of apple-growing. After much study it has 

 been found that for this territory the minimum winter temperature 

 under official Weather Bureau records is about 40 degrees F. below 

 zero. These results seem to tally with those from other sections. 

 From these facts deductions may be obtained that would uphold 

 the statement that it is not practical nor profitable to grow apples 

 under conditions giving a lower degree temperature. 



Summer temperature. Excessively high or low temperature dur- 

 ing the summers seems to be an important factor in determining 

 the site or location for certain varieties of apples. It seems from 

 the results of investigation that it is possible to determine a mean 

 summer temperature at which an apple tree will produce fruit at 

 its best. Deviation from this mean generally results in greater or 

 less inferiority of the fruit. This depends largely upon the variety 

 and the amount of deviation. 



A low summer heat, indicated by the mean temperature of the 

 summer, has the following effects upon the fruit : 



1. Less color. The greatest amount of color on a given variety 

 of fruit is obtained when correct conditions for the variety are 

 given. If, then, the degree of mean heat for a certain variety is 

 56 degrees and the summer temperature falls below this, there is 

 a decrease in the coloration of that variety. 



