ADAPTATION OF VARIETIES TO SOILS 21 



Pippins in their present condition, while others should be enliv- 

 ened by increasing their organic content either with stable manure, 

 with leguminous and other green crops, or with both. 



In the southern tier of counties midway across the state of 

 Pennsylvania, in western Maryland, in Virginia and the extreme 

 northeast part of West Virginia, areas of loams and clay loams 

 well elevated locally will produce the Yellow Newtown successfully 



Fig. 4. Northern Spy — an ideal tree 

 Surely this orchard shows the results of proper variety on soil type 



if properly handled. Such areas occur in the Hagerstown, Edge- 

 mont, and Mont Alto series of soils principally, but are sometimes 

 found in other series. The tendency of this variety, however, not 

 to bear a profitable crop until fifteen or twenty years old, and even 

 then not to be a reliable biennial bearer, will prevent its planting 

 to any large extent in some states. 



Northern Spy. This variety is one of the most exacting in soil 

 requirements. To obtain good quality of fruit — that is, fine texture, 

 juiciness, and high flavor — the soil must be moderately heavy, and 

 for the first two qualities alone the Rhode Island Greening soil 



