IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 133 



The town of Corona, California, is hemmed in on all sides by 

 lemon and orange orchards. The chief water supply for these 

 groves comes from Ferris basin, forty miles distant. The Temes- 

 cal Water Company owns 3600 acres of water-bearing lands in 

 this basin, and at favorable points pumping plants have been in- 

 stalled. These plants are operated by motors supplied with a cur- 

 rent from a central generating station located at Ethanac. The 

 discharge from each pump is measured over a rectangular weir 

 having an automatic register. Small lined channels convey the 

 water from the pumps to the main conduit, shown in cross section 

 in Fig. 55. The concrete lining of this conduit, is composed of 

 1 part cement to 

 on the sides of 2] 

 inches and on the 

 bottom of 3 to 4 

 inches. The lining 

 is rendered still 

 more impervious 

 by the addition of 



? Fiu. 55. Concrete-lined canal of the Temescal 



inch in thickness, Water Company 



and composed of 



1 part cement to 2 parts sand. The cost was 5. 1 , cents per square 

 foot, or 5 5 cents per linear foot. The main conduit consists of about 

 30 miles of lined canal and 10 miles of piping 30 inches in diam- 

 eter. As a rule the groves are laid out in 1 o-acre tracts, and piping 

 of various kinds conveys the water from the main to the highest 

 point of each tract, from which it is distributed between the rows 

 in furrows. 



A large part of the water used by the Riverside Water Com- 

 pany, California, is pumped from the gravelly bed of the Santa 

 Ana River. From thence it is conveyed in a main canal to the 

 orchard lands and distributed to the groves in cement and vitrified 

 clay pipes. The owner of a tract, whether it be 10, 20, 30, or 40 

 acres in extent, receives his supply at the highest corner through 

 a hydrant box. Each hydrant box not only allows the water to 

 pass from the end of a lateral pipe to the head flume of the tract 

 to be irrigated, but also measures the amount in miner's inches 



