1 3 8 



THE APPLE 



Fig. 59. Wooden box placed in tank of 

 head ditch 



the surface of the water in the head ditch, discharges nearly | miner's 

 inch of water, and if placed 4 inches below the surface will discharge 

 more than 1 miner's inch. In southern Idaho the lumber mills manu- 

 facture a special lath | inch 

 thick, 2 inches wide, and 36 

 inches long for this purpose. 

 If these tubes when thor- 

 oughly dry are dipped in hot 

 asphalt, they will last much 

 longer. In some of the de- 

 ciduous orchards of California 

 a still larger wooden tube or 

 box is used. That shown in 

 Fig. 59 is made of four pieces 

 of I x 3^ inch redwood boards of the desired length. The flow 

 through this tube is regulated by an inexpensive gate consisting of 

 a piece of galvanized iron fastened by means of a leather washer 

 and a wire nail. 

 The orchard- 

 ist who lives 

 near a manufac- 

 turing town or 

 city can often 

 purchase for a 

 small sum pieces 

 of wornout or 

 discarded pip- 

 ing from I inch 

 to 2 inches in di- 

 ameter. When 

 such pipes are 

 cut into suita- 

 ble lengths they 

 make a good 

 substitute for 



wooden spouts. Tin tubes I inch in diameter and of the proper 

 length are satisfactory. They are preferred in compact soil where 

 the furrows must be near together. 



Fig. 60. Wooden check in head ditch 



