INSECTS 



205 



Fig. 88. Apple maggot, male (adult stage) 

 (Department of Entomology, Cornell Uni- 

 versity) 



Green-fruit worm (Xylina). Early in the season when apples 



are quite small, it is not uncommon to find fruits that have been 



eaten on one side. Some- 

 times the injury appears 

 as a round or irregular 

 cavity, and again half the 

 fruit is eaten. Apples 

 growing near together, as 

 in clusters, may all show 

 injuries of the same char- 

 acter. The cavities are 

 clean and not spun over 

 with web, indicating that 

 the work is done by large 

 rather than small worms. 

 The worms responsible 

 for these injuries are usu- 

 ally more than one inch 



long when full grown, and are of light-green color, marked by 



longitudinal stripes and more or less distinct cream-colored spots. 



These insects have been 



found in orchards for 



many years. As far back 



as 1870 they were re- 

 ported as destructive, not 



only to apples but to pears 



and peaches. They have 



a wide distribution, being 



found in Canada and in 



most of the states east of 



the Rocky Mountains. In 



1877 they did serious 



damage to fruit in the 



orchards about Lockport, 



New York, and in 1896 



they were again numerous 



enough to attract general attention, specimens being received from 



twelve counties. 



Fig. 89. Apple maggot, female (adult stage) 

 (Department of Entomology, Cornell Uni- 

 versity) 



