CHAPTER XXI 



MISCELLANEOUS INJURIES 



Apple orchards are subject to many injuries which are often 

 more fatal to the trees than are years of depredations by insects 

 and diseases. Most of these injuries could be prevented, but 

 there are some of them which seem to be beyond the help of man. 



Fig. 122. A well-propped tree 

 A heavy load of apples, causing the owner to prop the limbs in order to prevent breaking 



Injury by wind. One of the greatest losses to both trees and 

 fruits is caused by excessive winds. Let a wild wind sweep through 

 an orchard loaded with large apples nearly ready to pick, and per- 

 haps in ten minutes' time most of this fruit will be strewn on the 

 ground and so injured that it cannot be marketed as a first-grade 

 product. Even if the wind is only strong enough to cause the limbs 



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