GRADING 



271 



as a rule offer a larger price for second-grade apples than they 

 can net when packed in barrels and sent to the market. If 

 there is not already an evaporator in your section, then there is 

 need of cooperation among the growers to erect evaporators which 

 shall take care of the second-grade stock. Cider apples will never 

 be anything but cider ap- 

 ples, and the cider mill 

 is the only place for them. 

 It is absolute fraud to 

 pack in with other apples 

 any wormy, gnarled, dis- 

 eased apples that are no 

 larger than walnuts. But 

 even if you had to throw 

 away and lose absolutely 

 all second-grade and cider 

 apples, you would be wise 

 in so doing, for if they 

 are mixed in with first- 

 grade fruit, or even if 

 packed separately, they 

 command only very low 

 prices and lessen the de- 

 mand for, and the price 

 of, the best-grade apples. 

 It would be much better 

 to cull from the tree all 

 small, diseased fruit while 

 the crop is still growing, 

 so that whatever remained 



would be of first quality. Any person experienced in the growing 

 of apples knows that the fruit which remains would increase in 

 size and make up all the loss. 



Grading rules and laws. In the better grading of fruit the West 

 has far outstripped the East. Undoubtedly the reason for this is 

 that the Westerners early realized that they must sell their apples 

 at a good price in order to cover the expenses of growing and 

 shipping. It was then necessary to outdo the other competitors 



FlG. i 28. Harvest time 

 Picking, sorting, and packing, out in the orchard 



