STORAGE 345 



dissolves (absorption system). In the absorption system the water 

 is then heated to drive the gas out of it to the condenser. 



5. A one-ton machine will cool 197^ pounds of water at the 

 rate of 10 degrees a minute, or 12,000 cubic feet of space can be 

 maintained at 40 degrees F., or 6000 to 8000 cubic feet at 34 to 

 36 degrees F. 



In the place of ammonia, sulphur dioxide (sulphurous acid) and 

 carbon dioxide (carbonic acid) are also used. 



The Cooper brine system. In the gravity brine system the tank 

 which contains the ice and salt and the tank coils are located at 

 a higher level than the pipe coils which do the air cooling in the 

 rooms. The brine standing in the tank coil is cooled by contact 

 with the ice and salt which surrounds the pipes to a lower temper- 

 ature than the brine contained in the secondary coils, and conse- 

 quently flows down into these secondary coils. At the same time 

 the brine from the secondary coils rises into the primary coils. 



The circulating brine is entirely independent of the brine which 

 runs out of the tank as a result of the mixture of ice and salt. The 

 refrigeration in the waste brine is utilized for cooling purposes by 

 running it through a coil of pipe of suitable size at any convenient 

 place in the building ; it is afterwards led to the sewer. The 

 chloride of calcium brine, on the other hand, remains always in 

 the pipes, the only loss being from leakage. In operation, it is 

 usually necessary to fill the tank once each day with ice and salt, 

 and the circulation will remain continuous and automatic through 

 the twenty-four hours. The ice in the tank will melt down four feet 

 per day. 



The machine for crushing the ice is generally located at (or 

 near) the floor of the ice house. From the crusher, in pieces not 

 larger than a hen's egg, the ice drops into a bucket elevator, 

 which is raised to a point near the tank and somewhat above it, 

 and dumps the ice into an inclined tube terminating in a flexible 

 spout. This spout is pivoted, and will deliver ice to any part of 

 the tank without shoveling. The only hand labor necessary on the 

 ice is in the chopping and shoveling into the chute. Two men will 

 easily handle two tons of ice an hour in this way, and two tons of 

 ice a day will cool a storage house of 20 carloads' capacity during 

 average summer weather. 



