272 ON TWO NEW LICE. 



L. cavice-capensis (Pallas), in which there is on each pleura of the 

 3rd abdominal segment an elongate bristle and on the pleura? of 

 the 7th and 8th two long bristles. 



The chaetotaxy of L. cavice-capensis (see figs. 2 & 3, Bulletin 

 of Entomological Research, iv. May 1913, pp. 38 & 39) beai\s a 

 close resemblance to that of the Polyplax larvae. Some later work 

 further reveals the fact that a somewhat similar plan of ab- 

 dominal chaetotaxy exists also in the larvae of at least two species 

 of Linognathus in which the imaginal chaetotaxy is more complex. 

 This general plan of chaetotaxy, therefore, is perhaps a primitive 

 one in the Anoplura, and Linognathus is pei'haps a more primi- 

 tive genus than Polyplax, and perhaps the most primitive of all 

 the Anopluran genera, an hypothesis which, however, cannot be 

 supported by reference to the systematic position of the host- 

 species, Linognathus occurring with Hcematopinus on Ungulates 

 such as the Antelope, Copra and Ovis, and also on the Dog. 



It would be interesting to know whether Linognathoid types 

 of a more primitive character than any Anoplura hitherto known 

 remain to be discovered on the primitive Insectivora and other 

 ancient mammalian groups. Hitherto, Anoplura have not been 

 found on Monotremes and Marsupials. It should be remembered 

 that L. cavice-capensis is a parasite of the Cape Hyrax — a member 

 of a very isolated group. 



References. 



(1) Waterston, J. — Annals of the South African Museum, x. 



pt. 9, p. 271. 



(2) Piaget, E. — Les Pediculines. Leide, 1880. 



(3) Mjoberg, E — Arkiv for Zoologi, vi. 1910, p. 166. 



(4) Enderlein, G. — Zool. Anz. xxviii. 1905, p. 626. 



(5) Patton, W. S., <fc Cragg, F. W.— A Textbook of Medical 



Entomology. London, Madras, and Calcutta (Christian 

 Literature Society for India), 1913, p. 532. 



(6) Landois. — Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 



14te Bd., 1864-, p. 14. 



(7) Landois.— 7/n'd., 15te Bd., 1865, p. 32. 



(8) Snodgrass, R. — Occas. Papers California Acad. Sci. vi. 1899, 



p. 216. 



(9) Cummings, B. F.— Bull. Ent. Res. vol. v. pt. 2, Sept. 1914, 



p. 157. 



(10) Warburton, Cecil. — Report to the Local Government 



Board on Public Health and Medical Subjects. New 

 Series, No. 27, 1910. 



(11) Oudemans, A. C.— Ber. Nederl. Ent. Ver., Deel iii. No. 67, 



Sept. 1912, p. 278. 



[Note. — I find I have overlooked the following paper by H. Fahrenholz : " Beit- 

 rage zur Kenntnis der Anopluren," Hannover Jahresber. zool. Ver. 2-4 (1910-12), 

 1912. The author describes the larvae of Pediculus capitis and of one or two species 

 of Polyplax, including P. sphiulosa. He is mistaken in supposing there are hairs 

 on all the sterna of what we are agreed in calling Stage I. of P. spinulosa. See 

 also : — "Neue Lanse," Hannover Jahresber. zool. Ver. (1909), 1910, and the figures 

 of various larval Mallophaga scattered through Kellogg's papers.] 



