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General, whose kindly help in matters relating to the study 
of the Geology of Tasmania I take this opportunity of 
eratefully acknowledging. Another form, a species of 
Eucalyptus, is of singular interest, as it is undoubtedly the 
first fossil indication which I have yet seen in Tasmania of 
a representative of our existing gum trees, which so peculiarly 
characterise the existing vegetation of this island. The 
fossil Eucalyptus is very distinct from E. Pluti M’Coy, found 
similarly in Victoria. The Mount Bischoff form I have 
named E. Kayseri, in honour of the discoverer. Many of 
the plant remains are imperfect, although I can with certainty 
make out 15 or 16 distinct new species, the greater number 
of which has been figured by me for this paper. 
Figures, in the meantime, for comparative purposes, are the 
best guides. 
There are not sufficient characters to enable me with con- 
fidence to referthe most ofthe forms to known genera, although 
I have satisfied myself that some of them can with safety be 
referred to the genera Eucalyptus, Quercus, Laurus, Cycadites, 
and Ulmus, while others closely approach forms occurring in 
similar rock under the basalt at Breadalbane and at One Tree 
Point, which have been referred to the genera Lomatia, Cera- 
topetalum, and Ficonium, by Baron Von Ettingshausen. The 
determination of these doubtful forms I intend to submit to 
Baron Von Ettingshausen and to Baron Sir Ferd. Von Mueller, 
who have already elaborated a great number of our Fossil 
Tertiary vegetable remains. 
The prevalence of the Oak, Laurel, and Elm, associated 
with the Gum tree in this tertiary deposit at Mount Bischoff, 
is of the greatest interest, as it substantiates the opinions 
advanced by Baron Von Ettingshausen, and mentioned with 
approval by Baron Sir Ferd. Von Mueller, viz., “that the 
whole: existing vegetation of the world can in its development 
be traced to an universal flora in bygone geologic ages,” 
and, therefore, such evidence is in perfect accord with the 
evolution hypothesis. It is, nevertheless, somewhat strange 
to find that a great number of the prevailing forms in our 
tertiary deposits (Oak, Birch, Elm, Alder, and Beech), should 
show a closer alliance to the existing flora of Europe than to 
the existing flora of Tasmania. 
So far as it appears the Tertiary Flora of Tasmania is 
extremely rich and varied, and its development is worthy of 
our closest attention. 
Eucalyptus Kayseri, n.s. Fig. 4. 
Leaf lanceolate acuminate, slightly bent, and very attenuate 
towards the acute apex; base rounded and tapering, about 47 
inches long and 21 millimetres wide; substance evidently thin; 
