350 
where owing to the energy of the late Rev. W. B. Clarke, and 
to the skill of De Koninck, the fossils of that country have 
been worked out more fully and systematically. 
As regards New South Wales, De Koninck tablulates 316 
species of fossils, as follows :— 
Genera. Species. 
Upper Silurian 43 62 
Devonian 38 74 
Carboniferous 13 180 
Total 154 316 
Of the fauna, 81 species at least are common to the 
Paleozoic formations of Europe, while many of the typical 
plants of the Carboniferous coal measures of Australasia are 
at least generically identical with those found in India in 
rocks of supposed Mesozoic age. 
The various members of the Carboniferous System in 
Tasmania, are more or less horizontally disposed, although 
greatly dislocated by more recent intrusions of greenstone 
and secular upheaval, and subsequently subjected to great 
long continued denudation. The varying altitudes at which 
apparently the same members are found, together with the 
valleys of erosionso common throxghout the country,show the 
vastness of the dynamical agencies which have operated upon 
them since their deposition. 
Generally its members are so intimately associated with the 
older and newer diabasic greenstones that they cannot very 
well be considered apart in any attempt to describe them. It 
will be observed from the Geological sketch, recently prepared 
by Mr. Sprent and myself, that the diabasic greenstones form 
the elevated plateaus and mountains, as well as the principal 
minor dividing ranges throughout a great part of the 
Midland, Northern, Hastern, and South-Eastern parts of the 
island, and that they may be said to be comparatively, if not 
wholly, absent from the extreme western part, where the 
older Silurian and Metamorphic rocks prevail with their 
associated granites and porphyries. 
The great central greenstone plateau of the Lake Country, 
in its Northern part especially, preserves a general rugged or 
undulating level of about 4,000 feet altitude, and its higher 
bosses and peaks, and its valleys do not vary much more 
than 1,000 feet above or below this uniform level. From the 
Picton to Gad’s Hill, a distance northerly of over 100 miles 
its westerly limit may be roughly traced, forming a bold and 
widely undulating margin relative to the western country, 
whose immediate general upland surface ranges between 2,000 
and 3,000 feet above sea level. This margin is markedly 
