386 SYNOPSIS OF AMERICAN FOSSIL I3RACHI0P0DA. [bull. 87. 



Spirifer condor d'Orbigiiy — Continued. 



Obs. "It has for a long time been considered a synonym of S. striatus and later 

 of S. cameratus. It is distinct, however, from the former by the lamello.se 

 striae of growth and from the latter by these as well by the nearly entire 

 absence of bundling of the ribs" (Waagen). 



Snirifer couradanus Miller=Keticularia limbriata. 

 Spirifer consobriua d'Orbiguy=Delthyris consobrina. 



Spirifer consors A. Wiuchell. Hamilton (Dev.). 



Spirifer consors A. Winchell, Geol. Rep. Lower Peninsula of Michigan, 1866, p. 93. 

 Lot'. Grand Traverse district, Michigan. 



Spirifer cooperensis Waagen =Eeticularia cooperensis. 



Spirifer corticosus Hall. Hamilton (Dev.). 



Spirifer corticosa Hall, Tenth Rep. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., 1857, p. 160. 

 Spirifera corticosa Hall, Pal. New York, IV, 1867, p. 236. 

 Loc. Cumberland, Maryland. 

 Obs. Compare with S. granulosus. 



Spirifer (?) costalis Castelnau. ? Upper Helderberg (Dev.). 



Spirifer costalis Castelnau, Essai Syst^me Silurien I'Am^rique Septeutrionale, 



1843,p.41,pl. 14, fig.7. 

 Loc. Schoharie, New York. 



Spirifer crispatus Hall and Clarke. Niagara (Sil.). 



Spirifer crispatus Hall and Clarke, Pal. New York, VIII, Pt. II, 1895, p. 360, pi. 36, 



figs. 9, 10. 

 Loc. "Maryland." 



Spirifer crispus (Hisinger). Niagara and Coralline (Sil.). 



Terebratula crispa Hisinger, Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handlingar, 1826, tab. 7, tig. 4. 

 Delthyris staminea Hall, Geol. N. Y. ; Rep. Fourth Dist., 1843, p. 105, i:g. 3. 

 Spirifer crispus Hall, American Jour. Sci., XX, 1849, p. 228;— Pal. New York, II, 



1852, p. 262, pi. .54, fig. 3 ; p. 328, pi. 74, fig. 9.— Beecher and Clarke, Mem. N. Y. 



State Mus., 1, 1889, p. 75, pi. 6, figs. 6, 7.— Hall and Clarke, Pal. New York, VIII, 



Pt. II, 1893, pp. 19, 20, 36, pi. 36, figs. 1-6. 

 Spirifera crispa Hall, Twenty-eighth Rep. N. Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., 1879, p. 



157, pi. 24, figs. 6-12, 19;— Eleventh Rep. State Geol. Indiana, 1882, p. 295, pi. 



24, figs. 6-12, 19;— Second Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Geol., 1883, pi. 61, figs. 1-6. 

 Loc. Europe; Lockport, Lewiston, and Schoharie, New York; Hamilton and 



Arisaig, Nova Scotia (Ami) ; Ontario ; Waldron, Indiana. 



Spirifer crispus simplex Hall. Niagara (Sil.). 



Spirifera crispa var. Hall, Trans. Albany Institute, IV, 1863, p. 212. 

 Spirifera crispa var. simplex Hall, Twenty-eighth Rep, N. Y. State Mus. Nat. 



Hist., 1879, p. 157, pi. 24, figs. 1-5;— Eleventh Rep. State Geol. Indiana, 1882, 



p. 296, pi. 24, figs. 1-5.— Nettelroth, Kentucky Fossil Shells, Mem. Kentucky 



Geol. Survey, 1889, p. 111. pi. 17, figs. 36, 37. 

 Spirifer crisi>us var. simplex Beecher and Clarke, Mem. N. Y. State Mus., 1, 1889, 



p. 75, pi. 6, figs. 4, 5. 

 Loc. Waldron, Indiana; Louisville, Kentucky. 



Spirifer cultrijugatiis Yandell and Sliumard= Spirifer acuminatus. 



Spirifer cumberlandiae Hall. Oriskany (Dev.). 



Spirifer cumberlaudia- Hall, Tenth Rep. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., 1857, p. 

 63;— Pal. New York, III, 1859, p. 421, pi. 96, fig. 9.— Hall and Clarke, Pal. 

 New York, VIII, Pt. II, 1893, pp. 17, 36, pi. 33, figs. 16-23. 



