408 SYNOPSIS OF AMERICAN FOSSIL DRACHIOPODA. Tbull. 87. 



Spirifer troosti Casteluau. ? Forinatiou. 



SpiriiVr tioosti Casteluan, Essai Systi-me Siluricn rAmiJrique Septeutriouale, 



1843, p. 41, pi. 12, fig. 5. 

 Loc. " KeDtuckJ^" 



Spirifer tullius 11 all. Hamilton (Dev.). 



Spirifcia tnllia Hall, Pal. New York, lY, 1867, p. 218, pi. 35, ligs. 1-0;— Second 



^uii. Rep. N. Y. State Geol., 1883, pi. 52, iig. 18. 

 Spirifera tnllia var. Wbiteaves, Cont. Cauadian Pal., I, 1891, p. 224, pi. 32, fig. 1. 

 Spirifer tullius Hall and Clarke, Pal. New York, VIII, Pt. II, 1893, pp. 14, 35, pi. 



22, fig. 18; pi. 37, figs. 6, 7. 

 Loc. Tully, Apulia, etc.. New York; Athabasca River, Canada. 



Spirifer tumidus Baylo, and Coquand = Spiriferiua rostrata. 

 Spirifer undiferus Eoemer=Iketicularia undifera. 

 Spirifer unica Hall = Spirifer areuosus. 



Spirifer iirbanus Calvin. Hamilton (Bev.). 



Spirifera urbaua Calvinj Bull. Lab. Univ. of Iowa, 1888, p. 28. — Bull. Lab. Nat. 



Hist. State Univ. Iowa, II, 1892, p. 166, pi. 12, fig. 1. 

 Loc. Iowa City and Linn County, Iowa. 



Spirifer ntaliensis Meek=Cyrtia uorwoodi. 



Spirifer valenteana Eathbun. Middle Devonian. 



Spirifera valenteana (Hartt MS.) Rathbun, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 1, 1874, p. 



241, pi. 8, fig. 11. 

 Loc. Erere, Province of Para, Brazil. 



Spirifer vanuxemi Hall. Teiitaculite (Sil.). 



Orthis plicata Vauuxem (non Sowerby), Geol. New York: Rep. Third Dist., 1842, 

 p. 112, Jig. 1. 



Orthis? (Delthyris) plicatus Hall, Ibidem, Fourth Uist., 1843, p. 142, fig. 1. 



Spirifer vanuxemi Hall, Pal. New York, III, 1859, p. 198, pi. 8, figs. 17-23;— Sec- 

 ond Rep. N. Y. State Geol., 1883, pi. 61, Iig. 11.— Hall and Clarke, Pal. New 

 York, VIII, Pt. II, 1893, pp. 19, 36, pi. 36, fig. 11.— AVhitfield, Geol. Ohio, 

 VII, 1895, p. 411, pi. 1, fig.s. 4, 5. 



Spirifera vanuxemi Whitfield, Annals N. Y". Acad. Sci., V, 1891, p. 509, pl. 5, 

 figs. 4, 5. 



Loc. Albany and Schoharie counties, New York ; Put in Bay Island, Lake Erie. 



Obs. Vanuxem's specific name is restored, since Sowerby's species is an Orthis. 



Spirifer varicosus Hall. Corniferous (Dev.). 



Spirifer varicosa Hall, Tenth Rep. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., 1857, p. 130. 



Spirifera varicosa Billings, Canadian Jour., VI, 1861, p. 255, figs. 63, 64; — Geol. 

 Canada, 1863, p. 960, fig. 467.— Hall, Pal. New York, IV, 1867, p. 205, pl. 31, 

 figs. 1-4 ;— Seeond Rep. N. Y'. State Geol., 1883, pl. 59, figs. 4-8.— Walcott, Mon. 

 U. S. Geol. Survey, VIII, 1884, p. 136.— Nettelroth, Kentucky Fossil Shells, 

 Mem. Kentucky Geol. Survey, 1889, p. 134, pl. 10, figs. 11-20, 23-25. 



Spirifer varicosus Hall and Clarke, Pal, Now York, VIII, Pt. II, 1893, pp. 17, 36, 

 pl. 34, figs. 4-8. 



Loc. Williamsville, New York; Woodstock, Canada; Columbus, Ohio; Louis- 

 ville, Kentucky; Eureka district, Nevada. 



Spirifer ventricosa Hall=iSrucleospira ventricosa. 

 Spirifer venustus Hall = Spirifer divaricatus. 



Spirifer vernonensis Swallow. Chouteau (L. Carb.). 



Spirifer vernonensis Swallow, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., I, 1860, p. 644. — A. 



Winchell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1865, p. 119. 

 Loc. St. Louis County, Missouri. 

 Obs. Regarded by Keyes as a synonym for S. marionensis. 



