the latter, the dependent variable is the sum of trips that a 

 given individual makes to a site over the course of a recreation 

 season. This method will generally lead to overestimates of 

 consumer surplus (Brown, et al, 1983). 



This study uses a modified approach that combines features 

 of both the zonal and the individual observations models. This 

 modified approach, first suggested by Brown, Shalloof and Hsiao 

 (1984), is the individual per capita model. The dependent 

 variable is the sum of trips taken by a given individual divided 

 by some fraction of the population of that individual's origin 

 zone. The zonal population is equally allocated among all 

 individuals observed to participate from a given zone. The 

 advantage of this approach is that the equation is estimated on 

 the most disaggregated data possible (individual level 

 observations), while avoiding the overestimation associated with 

 the pure individual observation model. 



The basic specification of the per capita or first stage TCM 

 demand equation estimated for deer hunting is given in Equation 1 

 as: 

 1) TRIPCAPjLJ = BO + Bl (RDTRDISij) + B2 ( SUCCESS j) + B3 (DEMOGi) 



+ B4 (SUBST^j) 

 where: 

 TRIPCAPij = trips taken by individual i to site j over the 



individual's share of origin population. 

 RDTRDIS^j = round trip distance from the hunter's residence to 



hunting area j . 

 SUCCESS j = hunter success at site j. 



DEMOG^ = socioeconomic variables such as income, age, sex, 



4 



