lUO PROF. W. GARSTANG ON THE THEORY OF RECAPITULATION : 
phylogenetic series of ontogenies. The outcome o£ each successive 
ontogeny was an adult representative of one of the successive types 
of organisation. The last ontogeny of the whole series is the one 
under consideration. Inevitably there is recapitulation of succes- 
sive grades of differentiation, but repetition of adult ancestral 
stages is necessarily and entirely lacking. Ontogeny' is not an 
animated cinema show of ancestral portraits ; but zygotes may be 
likened to conjurers playing the old tricks for the most part, and 
occHsionally opening a surprise packet — nor do they always keep 
their novelties back until the end of the performance, as Antedon 
and Holopus bear witness. 
In other articles I propose to deal with the origin and significance of larval 
forms, and to draw attention to some further examples of the influence of 
larval characters upon adult organisation, to which I apply the term " Psedo- 
morphosis." 
Literature. 
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Bather, F. A. 1900. — Lanlcester's Treatise on Zoology, iii. Echinoderma. 
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Bergh, R. 1887. — Die Marseniaden. Semper s Reisen, ii. 2 Suppl. p. 157. 
Buckler W. 1891. — The Larvse of British Butterflies &c. vii. p. 8 (Ray Society). 
Carpenter, P. H. 1884. — Report on the Crinoidea. 'Challenger' Reports, xi. pp. 145 &c. 
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wechsels. Leipzig. 
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Man,' Watts & Co., 1906 — a translation of his 'Anthropogenic,' 1891.) 
Hertwig, Oscar. 1906. — Handbuch der .... Entwickelungslehre der Wirbelthiere, i. 
Hurst, C. HI. 1893.- The Recapitulation Theory. Natural Science, ii. pp. 195-200 & 
364-369. 
Hyatt, A. 1897.' — Cycle in the Life of the Individual (Ontogeny) and in the Evolution of 
its own Group (Phytogeny). Proe. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sciences, xxxii. 
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