424 ME. R. GURNET ON THR CRUSTACEAN PLANKTON 
t,he|service of the mines. It also is rocky, deep, and without vegetation, the 
water rather dark coloured. The fauna consisted of four species only, and 
these in small numbers. Diaptomus ffracilis was here of a rich red-orange 
colour. A curious feature of the fauna was the extreme blackness of the 
Alonopsis elongata, which proved to be due to the retention of the old shell 
at moulting. The majority of the individuals showed three old shell valves 
adhering and forming " lines of growth." In other tarns and in the lakes 
similar individuals were occasionally seen^ but the feature was pronounced 
only in Low Water. Lilljeborg mentions the same thing as characteristic of 
specimens of this species from the high north of Sweden, and it is apparently 
a character connected in some way with the low temperature of the habitat. 
5. Gouts Water, 1646 feet, is a small tarn in a combe on the north-east 
side of Coniston Old Blan. It owes its existence to a dam of rocks fallen 
from Dow Crags, and the water from it soaks through the dam and issues as 
a stream some distance below. The water is deep and clear, the shore rocky 
and entirely barren. The fauna was found to be very scanty, but six species 
were taken, the most noticeable being THaptomus laticeps, conspicuous from 
its red colour. 
6. Higldoio Tarn, about 2 miles N.E. of Coniston, at a height of about 
600 feet, is mainly of artificial origin, being due to the union of several small 
shallow tarns by the damming of the stream. Lying comparatively low, 
with shelving banks, its vegetation is rich and includes Nymphcea. Conse- 
quently its fauna is quite different from that of high tarns. Ceriodaphnia, 
Polypliemus, and Bosmina longirostris are common, and Volvo.v was present 
in such quantity as to give the water a thick green colour. 
7. Sphagnum pools and spring waters. 
On the hi oh ground of the Floutern Pass and round the foot of Coniston 
Old Man there is much swampy ground, often with little rills of running 
water, and occasional pools largely filled with Sphagnum. The water was 
uniformly very cold. 
By the outilovv of Greendale Tarn there are a number of small pools 
o-enerally margined with Sphagnum, but one of them, which was of some 
depth, was choked with Callitriehe and contained some larvae of the Newt 
Molge cristatus. These larvaj were kindly identified for me by Miss J. B. 
Procter, who informs me that they were either newly hatched or only a few 
days old. This very late hatching is very unusual, and no doubt due to the 
coldness of the water. 
The Spliugnum in running water was connnonly tenanted by Canthocamptus 
cuspidatus, a slow-moving pink-coloured Harpacticid which is a characteristic 
northern species. In pools and springs the moss contained either C. euspi- 
datus, C. zscliokkei, or C. pygnunis, but never more than one species in one 
