SOILS AND MOSSES OF SPITSBERGEN. 
471 
found which differed from the smaller ones in having a transparent yellowish- 
brown chitinous test free from sand-particles. 
The specimens of C. aculeata Stein were also on the average slightly 
smaller than usual, varying from 85 fi to 120 fi in diameter and with aper- 
tures of from 20/14 to 38 yu.. This species showed considerable variation in 
form. The commonest type agrees closely with Cash's var. spinosa, as the 
spines were relatively long and the mouth distinctly lobed. This type included 
the largest specimens found (diameter 114 /a to 120 /j,). In others the mouth 
was circular and the spines very short, often in fact reduced to mere knobs. 
The smallest specimens found, those with a diameter of from S5 fi to 95 ;a, 
wei'e almost invariably spineless, and no doubt belong to the C. aculeata var. 
ecornis of Leidy. 
Arcella. — Typical tests of A. arenaria Greef varying in diameter from 
72//, to 180//. were by no means uncommon. The tests of A. vulgaris Ehrenb., 
though clearly differentiated from the others by the perfectly regular domed 
appearance without any border when seen in side view, were decidedly 
larger than usual, being between 100/i and 190/li in diameter. 
Ilyalosplienia minuta Cash. — A very few specimens of this species were 
found in one of the soils. Average dimensions : length 34//, greatest 
breadth 20/4, mouth 10/a. 
Nebela collaris Leidy. — Length 84/t to 135/i, greatest width 48/i to 12 fi, 
aperture 18// to 30/t. A broken test was also found which apparently 
belonged to this species, and which when complete must have attained a 
length of about 160//. In structure the tests all resembled that figured by 
Leidy (pi. xxiv. fig. 11). Scourfield also found some pitted like Hyalosphenia 
or like Leidy's pi. xsiv. fig. 12. 
Nebela lageniformis Penard. — This is described by Cash (10) as a definitely 
sub-alpine species. Typical but rather small specimens were found in one of 
the soil samples, the dimensions being : length 103/t to 105//, breadth 
48 /t to 54//, aperture 21// to 25/t, length of neck 33// to 36//. 
Quadrula irregularis Archer. — This species was abundant in most of the 
mosses from Klaas Billen Bay, and showed considerable variation both in 
size and shape. They mostly belonged to the variety glohulosa Penard, and 
had a diameter of from 25/(. to 45// and an aperture of from 9// to 15/i.. But 
several were more elongated and frequently not quite symmetrical, belonging 
therefore to Penard's variety ohlonga. 
Euglyplia. — The specimens found were all typical and require little 
comment. 
E. ciliata Ehrenb. was the commonest species in the mosses from Klaas 
Billen Bay, and varied from 70// to 90// in length and from 51/i to 60// in 
greatest width. 
E. stri.gosa Leidy was also common. Most of the specimens belonged to 
the variety glabra Wailes, and varied in length from 63// to 96/t, in greatest 
