14 
titled “ Les Orang-outangs ou le Pongo et le Jocko.” To this 
title the following note is appended :— 
“ Orang-outang nom de cet animal aux Indes orientales: Pongo nom de cet 
animal 4 Lowando Province de Congo. 
* Jocko, Enjocko, nom de cet animal 4 Congo que nous avons adopté. Hn 
est article que nous avons retranché.” 
Thus it was that Andrew Battell’s “ Engeco” became meta- 
morphosed into “Jocko,” and, in the latter shape, was spread all 
over the world, in consequence of the extensive popularity of 
Buffon’s works. The Abbé Prevost and Buffon between them 
however, did a good deal more disfigurement to Battell’s sober 
account than ‘cutting off an article.’ Thus Battell’s state- 
ment that the Pongos “ cannot speake, and have no under- 
standing more than a beast,” is rendered by Buffon “ qu’il ne 
peut parler guoiqu’il ait plus d’entendement que les autres ani- 
maux;” and again, Purchas’ affirmation, “ He told me in 
conference with him, that one of these Pongos tooke a negro 
boy of his which lived a moneth with them,” stands in the 
French version, “un pongo lui enleva un petit negre qui 
passa un an entier dans la societé de ces animaux.” 
After quoting the account of the great Pongo, Buffon justly 
remarks, that all the ‘ Jockos’ and ‘ Orangs’ hitherto brought 
to Europe were young; and he suggests that, in their adult 
condition, they might be as big as the Pongo or ‘great Orang;? 
so that, provisionally, he regarded the Jockos, Orangs, and 
Pongos as all of one species. And perhaps this was as much 
as the state of knowledge at the time warranted. But how it 
came about that Buffon failed to perceive the similarity of 
Smith’s ‘Mandrill’ to his,own ‘ Jocko,’ and confounded the 
former with so totally different a creature as the blue-faced 
Baboon, is not so easily intelligible. 
Twenty years later Buffon changed his opinion,* and ex- 
pressed his belief that the Orangs constituted a genus with two 
species,—a large one, the Pongo of Battell,and a small one, the 
Jocko: that the small one (Jocko) is the East Indian Orang ; 
* Histoire Naturelle, Suppl. tome 7éme, 1789. 
