10 
Pygmie differ’d from a Man and resembled more the Ape and 
Monkey kind.” 
After a careful survey of the literature of the subject extant 
in his time, our author arrives at the conclusion that his 
“ Pygmie” is identical neither with the Orangs of Tulpius and 
Bontius, nor with the Quoias Morrou of Dapper (or rather of 
Tulpius), the Barris of d’Arcos, nor with the Pongo of Battell; 
but that it is a species of ape probably identical with the 
Pygmies of the Ancients, and, says Tyson, though it “does so 
much resemble a Man in many of its parts, more than any of 
the ape kind, or any other animal in the world, that I know 
of: yet by no means do I look upon it as the product of a miaxt 
generation—’tis a Brute-Animal sui generis, and a particular 
species of Ape.” 
The name of “ Chimpanzee,” by which one of the African 
Apes is now so well known, appears to have come into use 
in the first half of the eighteenth century, but the only im- 
portant addition made, in that period, to our acquaintance 
with the man-like apes of Africa is contained in “A New 
Voyage to Guinea,’ by William Smith, which bears the 
date 1744. 
In describing the animals of Sierra Leone, p. 51, this 
writer says :— 
“J shall next describe a strange sort of animal, called by 
the white men in this country Mandrill,* but why it is so 
called I know not, nor did I ever hear the name before, 
neither can those who call them so tell, except it be for their 
near resemblance of a human creature, though nothing at all 
* “Mandrill” seems to signify a “ man-like ape,” the word “ Drill” or “ Dril” 
having been anciently employed in England to denote an Ape or Baboon. Thus 
in the fifth edition of Blount's “ Glossographia, or a Dictionary interpreting the 
hard words of whatsoever language now used in our refined English tongue... 
very useful for all such as desire to understand what they read,” published in 
1681, I find, “ Dril—a stone-cutter’s tool wherewith he bores little holes in 
marble, &c. Also a large overgrown Ape and Baboon, so called.” Drill” is 
used in the same sense in Charleton’s “ Onomasticon Zoicon,” 1668. The sin- 
gular etymology of the word given by Buffon seems hardly a probable one. 
