83 
jaw; behind the eye-tooth, or between it and the front false 
molar, in the lower jaw. Into this break in the series, in 
each jaw, fits the canine of the opposite jaw; the size of the 
eye-tooth in the Gorilla being so great that it projects, like a 
tusk, far beyond the general level of the other teeth. The 
roots of the false molar teeth of the Gorilla, again, are more 
complex than in Man, and the proportional size of the molars is 
different. The Gorilla has the crown of the hindmost grinder 
of the lower jaw more complex, and the order of eruption of 
the permanent teeth is different; the permanent canines 
making their appearance before the second and third molars 
in Man, and after them in the Gorilla. 
Thus, while the teeth of the Goridla closely resemble 
those of Man in number, kind, and in the general pattern 
of their crowns, they exhibit marked differences from those 
of Man in secondary respects, such as relative size, number of 
fangs, and order of appearance. 
But, if the teeth of the Gorilla be compared with those 
of an Ape, no further removed from it than a Cynocephalus, 
or Baboon, it will be found that differences and resemblances 
of the same order are easily observable; but that many of’ 
the points in which the Gorilla resembles Man are those in 
which it differs from the Baboon; while various respects in 
which it differs from Man are exaggerated in the Cynocephalus. 
The number and the nature of the teeth remain the same in 
the Baboon as in the Gorilla and in Man. But the pattern 
of the Baboon’s upper molars is quite different from that 
described above (Fig. 18), the canines are proportionally longer 
and more knife-like ; the anterior premolar in the lower jaw 
is specially modified ; the posterior molar of the lower jaw is 
still larger and more complex than in the Gorilla. 
Passing from the old-world Apes to those of the new world, 
we meet with a change of much greater importance than any 
of these. In such a genus as Cebus, for example (Fig. 18), it 
will be found that while in some secondary points, such as the 
projection of the canines and the diastema, the resemblance 
G 2 
