91 
current by Cuvier, should have gained such wide acceptance 
as a name for the Simian group. But the most cursory ana- 
tomical investigation at once proves that the resemblance of the 
so-called “hind hand” to a true hand, is only skin deep, and 
that, in all essential respects, the hind limb of the Gorilla is 
as truly terminated by a foot as that of man. ‘The tarsal 
bones, in all important circumstances of number, disposition, 
and form, resemble those of man (Fig. 20). The metatarsals 
and digits, on the other hand, are proportionally longer and 
more slender, while the great toe is not only proportionally 
shorter and weaker, but its metatarsal bone is united by a 
more moveable joint with the tarsus. At the same time, the 
foot is set more obliquely upon the leg than in man. 
As to the muscles, there is a short flexor, a short extensor, 
and a peroneus longus, while the tendons of the long flexors 
of the great toe and of the other toes are united together 
and with an accessory fleshy bundle. 
The hind limb of the Gorilla, therefore, ends in a true foot, 
with a very moveable great toe. It is a prehensile foot, 
indeed, but is in no sense a hand: it is a foot which differs 
from that of man not in any fundamental character, but 
in mere proportions, in the degree of mobility, and in the 
secondary arrangement of its parts, 
It must not be supposed, however, because I speak of these 
differences as not fundamental, that I wish to underrate 
their value. They are important enough in their way, the 
structure of the foot being in strict correlation with that 
of the rest of the organism in each case. Nor can it be 
doubted that the greater division of physiological labour in 
Man, so that the function of support is thrown wholly on the 
leg and foot, is an advance in organization of very great 
moment to him; but, after all, regarded anatomically, the 
places, asatp.91..... “ Our Pygmie is no Man, yor yet the common Ape, 
but a sort of Animal between both ; and though a Biped, yet of the Quadru- 
manus-kind ; though some Men too have been observed to use their Feet like 
Hands, as I have seen several,” 
