TRIANDRIA— DIGYNIA. Festuca. 141 



3. F. duriiisciila. Hard Fescue-grass. 



Panicle unilateral, spreading. Florets longer than their 

 awns. Stem round. Upper leaves flat. Root fibrous. 



F. duriuscula. Linn. Sp. PL 108. Willd. u. 1. 421. Fl. Br. 1 15. Engl. 



Bot. V. 7. t. 470. Knapp t. 68. Hook. Scot. 38. Schrad. Germ. v. 1. 



328. Host Gram. v. 2. 59. t. 83. Leers 33. t. 8./. 2. Sincl. 31 . 

 F. heterophylla. Haenke in Jacq. Coll. v. 2. 93. Willd. v. 1. 421. 

 F. nemorum. Leyss. in Act. Soc. Nat. Scrut. Hal. v. 1. 3C8. Roth 



Germ. v. 2. 129. Schrader, 8^ Davall. 

 F. n. 1438. Hall. Hist. v. 2. 214. Davall. 

 Gramen pratense, panicula duriore laxa, unam partem spectante, 



Raii Syn. 413. t. 19./. 1. Scheuchz. Agr. 285. 

 jS. Huds. 45. Fl. Br. 1 15. Schrad. Germ. v. 1. 328. 

 Festuca dumetorum. Linn. Sp. PL 109. IViUd. v. 1. 422. Fl. Dan. 



t.700. SincL\35. 



In pastures, dry meadows^ waste ground, and thickets, common. 



Perennial. June, July. 



At least twice the size of either of the preceding. Root fibrous, 

 scarcely creeping, though sometimes throwing out short lateral 

 shoots. Stem 1^ or 2 feet high, erect, leafy, round, striated, 

 smooth. Leaves roughish at the edges and keel ; the lower ones 

 long, very slender, rigid, acute, compressed, striated ; upper 

 broader, and flat. Sheaths close, smooth. Stipula very short, 

 cloven. P«??ide oblong, much spreading when in flower ; the 

 branches acutely angular, rough. Spikelets at first cylindrical, 

 but becoming flattened by the expansion of the glumes. Calyx 

 sharp-pointed. Florets keeled and considerably compressed, ge- 

 nerally smooth, from 4 to 6 or 7, the uppermost often imperfect ; 

 the outer valve tipped with a straight rough awn, scarcely half 

 its own length ; inner roughish at the marginal ribs, slightly 

 cloven at the point. Stiginas cylindrical. In /3 the outer valve 

 of the corolla, not the calyx, is finely downy ; but there is no 

 other difference. 



Whether Haller's n. 1437 may be referred likewise to this species, 

 the best Swiss botanists have always been in doubt. 



Mr. Swayne has made a favourable report of this grass, as yielding 

 a good and early crop, acceptable to all kinds of cattle, which 

 Mr. Sinclair confirms. 



4. F. rubra. Creeping Fescue-grass. 



Panicle unilateral, spreading. Florets longer than their 



awns. Leaves downy on the upper side, more or less 



involute. Root extensively creeping. 



F. rubra. Linn. Sp. PL 109. JVilld. v. 1. 420. FL Br. 1 IC. Engl. 

 Bot. 29. f.2056. Stillingfi. t. 9. Schrad. Germ, v. 1. 329. Host 

 Gram. v. 2. 59. t. 82. Ehrh. Calam. 83. 



