TETRANDRIA— MONOGYNIA. Scabiosa. 1&5 



rough with deflexed hairs. Radical leaves numerous, obovate, 

 entire ; those of the stem variously toothed, or coarsely ser- 

 rated ; the uppermost lanceolate, entire ; all dark green, harsh 

 and hairy. Fl. 3 or more, dark purplish blue; often milk-white ; 

 very rarely, according to Dr. Kendrick, of a pale purple. They 

 are too bright a blue in Engl. Bot. The hairs on every part of 

 ihejlower-stalks point upwards. Seed-crown chiefly of 5 bristles. 



2. S. arvensis. Field Scabious. 



Corolla in four segments ; the marginal flowers radiant. 

 Leaves pinnatifid, cut. Stem bristly. 



S. arvensis. Linn. Sp. PL 143. M'illd. v. 1. 550. Fl. Br. 170. 



Engl. But. V. 1 0. t.659. Curt. Lonchfasc. 4. 1. 13. Hook. Scot. 49. 



Fl. Dan. t. 447. 

 S. n. 206. Hall. Hist. v.\. 89. 

 S. major communior, flore laciniato. RaiiSyn. 191. 

 S. major vulgaris. Ger. Em. 719. /V 

 Scabiosa. Fuchs. Hist. 716. f. 



In cornfields and pastures. , 



Perennial. July. 



5/em a yard high. Whole plant hairy ; reported to be sometimes 

 smooth, with all the leaves undivided, but this has not been seen 

 in England. The radical leaves are lanceolate, serrated, stalked ; 

 the rest pinnatifid, the upper ones most deeply, and quite 

 sessile. Fl. large and handsome, of a fine pale purple ; changing 

 to a most beautiful green if held for a few minutes over the 

 smoke of tobacco. Those of the disk are palest, or reddish, 

 nearly equal ; those of the circumference large, unequal, with- 

 out perfect stamens. Seed-croicn small, bristly. Sheep and goats 

 are said to eat this herb, but its bitter and nauseous flavour is 

 not agreeable to domestic cattle. 



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3. S. columbaria. Small Scabious. 



Corolla in five unequal segments. Radical leaves ovate, or 



lyrate, notched ; die rest pinnatifid, linear. 

 S. columbaria. Linn. Sp. PL 143. mild. ?;. 1. 552. FL Br. 171. 



EjigL Bot. V. 19. <. 1311. Hook. Scot. 50. H. Dan. f. 314. 

 S. minor vulgaris. Raii Syn. 191. Bauh. Hist. t'. 3. 3. /. 4. 

 S. minor, sive columbaria. Ger.Em. 719./. 

 S. minor. Corner. Epit. 7 {\.f. 

 In pastures, and waste ground, on a chalky, limestone, or gravelly 



soil. Rare in Scotland, and mountainous countries. 

 Perennial. June — August. 

 Root woody ; bristly at the crown. Stem 12 to IS inches high. 



Leaves and ^flowers smaller and more delicate than in the last, 



from which this species is elegantly and decisively distinguished 



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