208 TETRANDRIA— MONOGYNIA. Galium. 



13. G. verum. Yellow Bed-straw. 



Leaves eight in a whorl, linear, channelled, entire, rough. 

 Flowers in dense panicles. Fruit smooth. 



G. verum. Linn. Sp. PI. 155. Willd. v. 1. 590. FL. Br. 178. Engl. 

 Bot. V. 10. t. 660. Curt. Lond.fasc. 6. t. 13. Mart. Rust. t. 54. 

 Hook. Scot. 50. Willem. Stell. 6 1 . 



G. n. 710. Hall. Hist. V. I. 315. 



G. luteum. Ger. Em. 1126./. Rail Syn. 224. 



Galium. Matth. Valgr. v.2.A7b.f. Camer. Epit. 868./. Fuchs. 

 Hist. 196. f. Dad. Pempt. 355./. Mill. Ic. 93. t. \39./. I. 



In hilly, bushy places, and about the borders of fields, in dry 

 ground, frequent. 



Perennial. July, August. 



Root creeping, of a tawny hue. Stems 18 inches high, somewhat 

 woody, round, with numerous, opposite, square, leafy, often 

 downy, branches. Leaves narrow, deep green, revolute, defiexed, 

 rough with minute points, and each tipped with a hair. Fl. of 

 a golden yellow, extremely numerous, in dense tufted panicles, 

 smelling of honey, very strongly in the evening, or before rain. 

 Stamens short. Anth. brown in decay. Fr. small, round, blackish. 

 A kind of vinegar is said to have been distilled from the flowery 

 tops, and the herb was formerly used to coagulate milk, for 

 Cheshire cheese. Mr. Curtis reports that the roots yield a better 

 red than Madder, and that the whole plant dyes a good yellow. 



14. G. Mollngo. Great Hedge Bed-straw. 



Leaves eight in a whorl, elliptical, bluntish, bristle-pointed, 

 rough-edged. Flowers in loose spreading panicles. Co- 

 rolla thick-tipped. Seeds smooth, globular. 



G. Mbllugo. Linn. Sp. PI. 155. Willd. v. 1. 590. Fl. Br. 178. 



Engl. Bot. V. 24. t. 1673. Hook. Scot. 53. Fl. Dan. t.455. Bull. 



Fr. t. 283. Ehrh. PL Off. 441 . Willem. Stell. 32. 

 G. n. 711. Hall. Hist. V. I. 3] 5. 

 Mollugo. Dod. Pempt. 354./. 

 M. vulgatior. Rail Syn. 223. 



Rubia sylvestris. Ger. Em. 1118./ Fuchs. Hist. 28 1 . /. 

 /3. Galium scabrum. With. ]90,/rom the author. 



In hedges and thickets. 



Perennial. July, August. 



Stem 3 or 4 feet high, or taller if supported by bushes ; more dwarf 

 upon open chalky hills ; square, swelling and pale just Jibove 

 the whorls, smooth, or a little downy ; in /3 hairy, as well as the 

 foliage, though not very remarkably. Leaves elliptic-obovate, 

 deep green ; paler beneath ; generally very smooth, except the 



