268 PENTANDRIA— MONOGYNIA. Ecliium. 



roundish, incumbent. Germ, ■i, rounded. Style declining, 

 the length of the stamens, often hairy. Stigma deeply 

 cloven, acute. Seeds 4, Vv'rinkled or rough, obliquely 

 pointed, attached to the base of the hardened, slightly 

 enlai'ged, calyx. 

 Herbaceous or shrubby, either bristly, or merely warty; in 

 some instances hairy, or silky. Leaves oblong. Spikes 

 in pairs, many-flowered ; either terminal and solitary, or 

 lateral and collected into long leafy clusters. Corolla blue, 

 red, or white ; generally large and handsome. 



1. E. vulgare. Common VIper's-bugloss. 



Stem bristly and warty. Stem-leaves lanceolate, bristly, 

 single-ribbed. Spikes lateral, deflexed, hairy. 



E. vulgare. Linn. Sp. PI. 200. li'illd.v.l.7S7. Fl. Br. 222. Engl. 



Bot. u. 3. (. 181. Mart. Rust. t. 136. Hook. Scot. 70. Fl. Dan. 



t. 44.5. Rail Sijn. 227. Ger. Em. 802./. Bauh. P'm. 254. Clus. 



Hist. V. 2. 143./. Elirh. PL Off. 392. 

 Echium. Riv. Monop. Irr. t. 7. Matth. Valgr. v. 2. 345./. Camer. 



Epit. 737. f. 

 E. ti. 603. Hall. Hist. v. 1. 268. 

 E. sive Buglossum sylvestre. Lob. Tc. 579./ 

 Buglossa sylvestris. Brunf. Herb. v. 1.111./. 

 ^.Huds. S3. Fl. Br. 222. 

 E. alteiiim, sive Lycopsis anglica. Merr. Pin. 35. Dill, in Rail 



Sijn. 228. 

 E. violaceum. With. 233 P possibly of Lin nee us. 

 Echii altera species. Dod.Pempt.63l.f. 

 Lycopsis. Rail Syn. 227. 

 L. altera anglica. Lob. Ic. 579./. 

 L. anglica. Ger. Em. 802. f. 



In fields and waste ground, especially on a sandy or gravelly soil ; 

 as well as on old walls, and rubbish. 



Biennial. June, July. 



Whole herb very rough with prickly bristles arising from callous 

 points, intermixed with smaller hairs. Stems one or more, 1 

 to 2 feet high, erect or spreading, simple, round, leafy. Leaves 

 alternate, lanceolate, single-ribbed, entire, dull green, tapering 

 at the base ; the lowest stalked. Clusters terminal, leafy, com- 

 posed of numerous, axillary, stalked pairs of dense, reflexed, 

 hairy spikes, each of numerous, crowded, large, beautiful^owers ; 

 pink in the bud, then blue or purple, occasionally white. As 

 the seeds ripen, each spike becomes a spreading lax cluster, lilie 

 the figures indicated under our variety /3, all which seem to re- 

 ))resent either the E. vulgare at an advanced period, or in a 

 dwarf and starved state. Yet some of these figures having been 



