MTNHP Bog Lemming Bibliography Page 1 5 of 19 



very local, with none being caught during extensive trapping in the surrounding area. 

 Rand, A. L. 1945. Mammals of Yukon. Natl. Mus. Can. Bull. 100. 93 pp. 



• For SYNAPTOMYS BOREALIS: description and measurements. States "...scarce animal, found 

 in grass and sedge areas in bogs and marshes where it makes runways" but no indication this is 

 based on observations or literature or? 



Reichel, J. D. 1984. Ecology of Pacific Northwest alpine mammals. Unpubl. Ph.D . Thesis, Wash. 

 State U., Pullman. 91 pp. 



• Information on distribution, dispersal, population structure and habitat use of alpine areas in WA 

 and OR by small mammals. For SYNAPTOMYS BOREALIS one new site, and additional 

 information on another site (Wilson et al. 1980), is given. At sites where lemmings were trapped, 

 Gypsy Peak (918 snap trap-nights ) and Slate Peak (11 73 snap trap-nights) each produced a single 

 animal (one male, one female). The Gypsy Peak site was fellfield habitat, while the Slate Peak site 

 was a sedge/graminoid wet meadow. Lemmings were not relocated at the Cascade Creek site of 

 Shaw (1930). 



Reichel, J. D. and S. G. Beckstrom. 1993. Northern bog lemming survey: 1992. [ Unpublished 

 report] Montana Natural Heritage Program. Helena, MT. 64 pp. 



• Surv^ey of 21 sites in western Montana for SYNAPTOMYS BOREALIS using primarily snaptraps 

 (some comparisons using live traps and pitfalls). Found 5 new sites including the southern-most 

 sites in western North America (map). Compares baits. Lemmings were captured at elevations 

 from 4760-6520 feet. All sites had thick mats of sphagnum moss present. Bog birch and/or a 

 dwarf willow were present at all sites. At sites where lemmings were found, it took 5-140 trap- 

 nights for the first lemming capture; in contrast, 240-556 trap-nights were tabulated at sites where 

 none were captured. Other species captured at sites with bog lemmings included: MICROTUS 

 PENNSYLVANICUS, CLETHRIONOMYS GAPPERI, SOREX, and PHENACOMYS 

 INTERMEDIUS. Includes research needs and methods, management recommendations, and 

 references. 



Reichel, J. D. and S. G. Beckstrom. 1994. Northern bog lemming survey: 1993. Montana Natural 

 Heritage Program. Helena, MT. 87 pp. 



• During the 1993 field season small mammals were surveyed for at 30 sites, capturing northern 

 bog lemmings at 5 new sites. One site, Wood Creek on the Rocky Mountain Ranger District, 

 Lewis and Clark NF, is the eastern-most site known in Montana and 90 km from the nearest 

 previously known site. Three sites on the Kootenai NF were in the Sunday Creek drainage, 1-6 

 km from the site discovered there in 1992. The last new site, also on the Kootenai NF, was found 

 at Cody Lake, 32 km from the nearest known site. Despite surveys at 5 sites with apparently good- 

 excellent habitat on the Flathead NF, no new lemming sites were found there. The total number of 

 known bog lemming sites in Montana is 1 7, the most sites in any of the lower 48 states. All sites 

 found in 1993 had moss mats at or near the trap location. Known sites in Montana range in size 

 from 1 to 340 acres. The best habitat predictor for potential bog lemming sites in Montana is the 

 presence of extensive, thick moss mats, particularly sphagnum moss. More sites with apparently 

 good quality habitat were trapped unsuccessfully in 1993 than 1992; whether lemmings are 

 actually present at some or all of those sites is unknown. 



http://nhp.nris.state.mt.us/animal/reports/mammals/bogbiblio.html 1/28/2003 



