8 CONTENTS. 



Chapter XVI. 

 Packing Apples 59 



Chapter XVII. 

 Profits in Apple Culture.— Shall We Plant More Orchards? 



—Losses from Theft 66 



Chapter XVIII. 

 Winter Preparations - - 73 



Chapter XIX. 

 Injurious Insects - - - 75 



Chapter XX. 

 Borers ..- 77 



Chapter XXI. 

 CodlinMoth 85 



ILLUSTEATIONS. 



A Model Apple Tree Frontispiece. 



Figure 1.— Tree-Placing Implement. 15 



Figure 2. — Shoiilder of a Limb 34 



Figure 3. — A Short Ladder 35 



Figure 4. — Twisted Branches in a Crotch 41 



Figure 5. — Living Brace in a Crotch 43 



Figure 6. — Tree Prepared for Top-Grafting 47 



Figure 7.— Grafting Knife 48 



Figure 8.— Graf ting Mallet - - 49 



Figure 9. — A Scion !. 50 



Figure 10. — Stub with Scions in Place 50 



Figure 11. — Picker 56 



Figure 12.— Picker ..- 56 



Figure 13.— Hook 56 



Figure 14. — Beetle of Round-headed Borer 77 



Figure 15. — The Round-headed Borer 77 



Figure 16. — Saperda Cretata 82 



Figure 17.— The Beetle -.. 83 



Figure 18.— Flat-Headed Borer 83 



Figure 19.— Codlin Moth 85 



