BORERS. 85 



tion. At such points, or in other weak places, the borers 

 are nearly always found. The majority of all the trees 

 which I have known to be infested with these borers had 

 crooked trunks. 



REMEDIES. 



The Flat-headed Borer is easily destroyed by crushing 

 after the dead bark is removed. , The bark, being dead, 

 is of no more use to the tree, and it had better be cut off; 

 otherwise it soon becomes loose, and affords a hiding- 

 place for insects. If the denuded surface is large, it 

 should be protected by wax or by cow dung, tied on with 

 cloths. Newly-set trees are soon ruined by an attack, 

 and they should be examined every month from July to 

 October. 



C. Baker, in '^ Kansas Farmer," recommends the use 

 of kerosene oil, freely poured on the bark, as a remedy 

 for borers. 



