Locality and Site for the Commercial Orchard 105 



man and Grimes, comprise the bulk of the production and are 

 well known as profitable varieties. 



3. Yields average with those of the best eastern orchards. 



4. The region enjoys reasonable proximity to markets. 



5. Centralization and intensity of plantings offer excellent 

 opportunity for cooperation and regional development. 



6. Fairly cheap labor is ordinarily available. 



Disadvantages. 



1. Although one of the most promising eastern apple regions, 

 the Shenandoah-Cumberland is not entirely free from certain 

 disadvantages. Cedar rust is severe in some parts of this region 

 on York Imperial and Ben Davis trees; pine and meadow mice 

 have been doing considerable damage to many of the trees and 

 root-rot occurs in some localities. 



2. Land values at this time are relatively high, and for that 

 reason the prospective investor would need considerable capital 

 to get started. 



3. Hail injury is not uncommon. 



PIEDMONT REGION OF VIRGINIA 



Advantages. 



1. For scenic beauty this region is unexcelled. 



2. Land is cheap and plentiful. Orchard values have been 

 fairly reasonable. 



3. Good transportation facilities. 



4. Labor conditions are generally satisfactory throughout the 

 region. 



5. High-grade varieties such as Winesap and Yellow New- 

 town (Albemarle Pippin) predominate and sell for high prices. 



Disadvantages. 



1. Bitter-rot is particularly injurious in certain seasons. 



2. Yields are lighter than in the Shenandoah-Cumberland or 

 western New York regions. 



3. The orchard land is generally mountainous and somewhat 

 hard to work. 



