210 The Commercial Apple Industry 



Illinois to Arkansas: There is considerable variation 

 in the relative infestation of the codlin-moth in these 

 states. In some fruit districts schedule III will suf- 

 fice, while in others schedules IV or V should be 

 employed. 



Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah: The severity of 

 the codlin-moth in these states varies to a considerable 

 degree and the best spray schedule for each fruit- 

 growing district will depend on the local conditions. 

 In many of these districts, schedule V should be em- 

 ployed, supplemented by banding or the codlin-moth 

 trap. 



Idaho, Washington, Oregon, California: In many of the 

 fruit-growing valleys in these states the codlin-moth is 

 a pest of first rank, requiring for best control schedule 

 V together with banding and the use of the codlin- 

 moth trap. 



San Jose scale (Aspidiotus pemiciosus). (See Plate 

 XII.) 



The San Jose scale is one of the most common and inju- 

 rious apple pests. It is widely distributed throughout 

 practically every commercial apple region. The mature 

 scale is gray in color, circular, and about the size of a pin- 

 head. A nipple-like protuberance in the center distin- 

 guishes it from other scales of similar appearance. The 

 scale is merely an excretion for protection; the louse is 

 bright lemon in color and when crushed emits a percepti- 

 ble juice. 



Annual spraying with lime-sulfur (30-33 Baume) 

 1 to 8 is recognized as proper treatment. It is desirable 

 to delay the application until early spring, at a time when 



