Varieties of Apples 395 



elude those normally consumed before September 15th ; fall 

 varieties, those normally disposed of by November 15th ; 

 and winter sorts those consumed after November 15th. 

 Were there only the two classes, summer and winter, it 

 might be well to include among summer varieties those 

 which are consumed normally before October 15th. 



Winter varieties are usually considered as those com- 

 monly held in storage. The dates of ripening of the same 

 variety in different regions sometimes works to the advant- 

 age of the earlier sections. One instance of the kind is 

 found in the Pecos Valley of New Mexico, where Jon- 

 athans mature earlier than in the other western apple 

 districts. For this reason, New Mexico Jonathans have 

 a distinct advantage in the Texas markets. Variation in 

 ripening dates is further exemplified in such northern 

 states as Wisconsin and Minnesota, where varieties con- 

 sidered in some sections as strictly summer apples do not 

 ripen until fall. The Oldenburg (Duchess) is an exam- 

 ple of this kind. The Baldwin apple, generally known, 

 and particularly in New York and New England, as a 

 strictly winter variety, is considered a fall apple in some 

 parts of Maryland and Virginia. 



LATE VARIETIES 



The following varieties, divided into early and late, are 

 arranged in their order of importance in total commercial 

 production. They are discussed from a commercial stand- 

 point, with reference to their adaptation and distribution 

 throughout the different apple regions of the United 

 States. No consideration was given to home orchard pro- 

 duction in establishing order of importance. 



