Varieties of Apples 411 



that it is rather unproductive, lacks hardiness, is short lived 

 and rather hard to grow. In many parts of the country 

 the tree is very subject to sun-scald, winter-injury and 

 collar-rot, and the fruit is subject to water-core. Certainly 

 this is a variety of the highest quality, and local conditions 

 must determine whether it can prove profitable in the face 

 of inherent weaknesses in the tree. 



Arkansas (Mammoth Black Twig). 



Arkansas, a seedling of the Winesap, originated in Ark- 

 ansas and began to be propagated by nurserymen about 

 1868, since when it has become widely disseminated. Of 

 late years this variety has been planted very extensively in 

 Virginia, North Carolina and some parts of the Middle 

 West. It is also found commercially in the Northwest. 

 It keeps well in cold storage and is in season from Decem- 

 ber until May. " Black Twig " is a large red apple, 

 rather uniform in size and only medium in quality. It 

 brings a good price in the market, but is not recommended 

 for extensive commercial planting as it is rather slow com- 

 ing into bearing and is not a very good annual bearer. On 

 strong soils it has a tendency to excessive wood growth 

 and to encourage fruitfulness shallow soils are preferable. 

 It has been much advertised and propagated, but is hardly 

 living up to expectations and is inferior to many other 

 standard kinds. 



Wagener. 



The Wagener has attained commercial importance in 

 comparatively recent times. It was first brought to public 

 attention in 1847 as being a new variety of considerable 

 merit. The seedling trees from which the original Wag- 



